公共卫生研究摘要 (2026-01-06)
共收录 59 篇研究文章
1. Proband-independent noninvasive prenatal diagnosis for spinal muscular atrophy: early detection paving the way for early prenatal treatment.
期刊: Annals of medicine 发表日期: 2026-Dec 链接: PubMed
摘要
To validate the clinical efficacy of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in the first trimester and extend its applicability to families without probands. From December 2020 to October 2024, 288 high-risk pregnancies were recruited prospectively, with 81 qualifying for NIPD after genetic counseling. Among the eligible cases, parent-based haplotypes were successfully constructed in 75 families (92.6%), while grandparent-based haplotype reconstruction was performed for the remaining 6 cases (7.4%) where proband samples were unavailable. Through targeted sequencing of the SMN1/SMN2 gene and flanking informative SNPs in maternal plasma, fetal haplotypes were inferred by analyzing dosage changes in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) using Bayes factor. All NIPD results were subsequently validated through invasive diagnostic procedures (chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis). The haplotypes were successfully constructed in 81 families through parents or grandparents of the identified variant carriers. 76 families (93.8%) successfully obtained NIPD results, among which the earliest gestational week for successful NIPD was 7+3 weeks, with a minimum fetal fraction of 1.9%. 5 cases were classified ‘no call’ results due to pathogenic variant-adjacent recombination events (2/5), insufficient or unevenly distributed informative SNPs (2/5), and subthreshold fetal fraction (1/5). The average gestational age of NIPD blood drawing is 9 weeks. Validation test showed the NIPD results accuracy was 100%. This study demonstrates the clinical feasibility of grandparent-assisted haplotype construction for SMA families without probands and enables accurate early prenatal diagnosis of SMA in first-trimester pregnancies.
2. Atmospheric Deposition of Organic Pollutants: A Comprehensive Review of Sampling and Analytical Methodologies.
期刊: Analytical science advances 发表日期: 2026-Jun 链接: PubMed
摘要
Atmospheric deposition of organic pollutants plays a crucial role in the transport and fate of contaminants in the environment, with implications for ecosystem health and human exposure. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and microplastics are increasingly recognized as transboundary threats due to their long-range atmospheric transport and accumulation. Despite international regulatory efforts, such as the Stockholm Convention and the EU’s new air quality directives, data on deposition fluxes remain sparse and highly variable due to methodological inconsistencies and analytical limitations. Key challenges arise from the trace levels of target analytes, the complexity of environmental matrices and the absence of standardized sampling and analytical protocols. Overcoming these limitations is crucial for establishing robust monitoring systems and supporting evidence-based risk assessments. This review highlights recent developments and methodological innovations in the study of bulk atmospheric deposition of organic pollutants. Key areas of focus include (1) a critical evaluation of sampling devices and strategies, with an emphasis on bottle-funnel and passive sampler designs that influence data quality, (2) advances in extraction and sample preparation techniques, including liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction tailored to trace-level environmental contaminants, (3) identification of key analytical constraints and variability in recovery efficiencies across different compound classes and analytical workflows, (4) a synthesis of over 160 peer-reviewed studies offering a comparative framework for future monitoring campaigns and harmonization of analytical approaches.
3. Strengthening non-communicable diseases monitoring systems in Europe through a multistakeholder collaborative approach: a key priority for advancing data-driven policymaking.
期刊: The Lancet regional health. Europe 发表日期: 2026-Feb 链接: PubMed
摘要
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are major drivers of disability, health expenditure, and productivity loss in Europe. Effective surveillance is essential to understand evolving needs, design and evaluate interventions, and ensure accountability. This paper provides a high-level overview of NCD monitoring in Europe, focusing on cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and major modifiable risk factors. It draws on three complementary sources: the EU Joint Action on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes (JACARDI, 32 countries), the Joint Action on the Prevention of NCDs (JA PreventNCD, 16 countries), and the WHO NCD Country Capacity Survey (2023, 53 WHO European Region Member States). These sources provide a comprehensive assessment of surveillance capacity, infrastructure and gaps, showing that NCD monitoring remains fragmented, underfunded, and limited in equity-sensitive data and policy integration. Strengthening governance, investment, and cross-country collaboration is crucial to build interoperable, and equity-oriented systems supporting evidence-informed decisions, accountability, and the right to health.
4. Fucoxanthin prevents septic cardiomyopathy by targeting BRD2 in M1-polarized macrophages.
期刊: Food & function 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) leads to heart failure, with few effective approaches for its intervention. Fucoxanthin (FX) possesses anti-inflammatory capacity, but its effect on SCM remains unknown. Herein, we report that FX protects against cardiac dysfunction in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of sepsis with a dramatic reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration in the heart tissue. The analysis of human and mouse databases revealed M1-polarized macrophages as the most evidently infiltrated immune cells into the heart tissue under septic conditions. This phenomenon was found in the current mouse model, which was significantly inhibited by FX. FX blunted macrophage M1 polarization in vitro that provoked inflammation in cardiomyocytes. Further, bromodomain-containing protein 2 (BRD2) was predicted as a molecular target of FX. Moreover, FX decreased BRD2 protein in both mouse hearts and macrophages in the presence of LPS. BRD2 overexpression abolished FX’s macrophage-silencing effect. Notably, FX decreased BRD2 levels and inhibited inflammation in peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with SCM. The present study offers FX and BRD2 as a novel approach and molecular target for SCM intervention.
5. Multilevel Determinants of HIV Prevention Among Urban Refugee Youth in Uganda: Baseline Findings from the Tushirikiane-4-Uthabiti Trial.
期刊: AIDS and behavior 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
While urban refugee youth face HIV vulnerabilities spanning socio-ecological levels, knowledge gaps persist in HIV prevention outcomes. We conducted a baseline analysis of a cohort enrolled in Tushirikiane-4-Uthabiti, an intervention focused on HIV testing practices among urban refugee youth aged 16-24 in Kampala, Uganda (N = 330). Using regression models, we examined the societal, community, and interpersonal factors associated with condom use self-efficacy [CUSE], consistent condom use, HIV self-testing [HIVST] kit access, and recent HIV testing. Most participants were women (53.3%), with a mean age of 21.3 years (SD = 2.9). One-fifth reported consistent condom use (19.1%), over half accessed HIVST kits (56.4%), and recent HIV testing (50.6%). Statistically significant results showed that higher education (β = 0.18, p < 0.001) and financial resilience (β = 0.18, p < 0.001) were positively associated with CUSE, whereas food insecurity (β = - 0.21, p < 0.05) was negatively associated with CUSE. Being in a casual relationship (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.33, p < 0.05) and CUSE (aOR 1.12, p < 0.010) were associated with increased odds of consistent condom use. Higher education (aOR 2.45, p < 0.001), adolescent sexual and reproductive health stigma (aOR 1.16, p < 0.010), and perceived HIV stigma (aOR 1.05, p < 0.05) were associated with increased odds of recent HIVST kit access. Financial resilience (aOR 1.05, p < 0.010) and young parenthood (aOR = 2.32, p < 0.010) were associated with increased odds of recent last year HIV testing. The findings demonstrate suboptimal HIV prevention outcomes and highlight the need for tailored multilevel interventions to improve the sexual health of urban refugee youth. Mientras que la juventud refugiada urbana enfrenta vulnerabilidades al VIH en varios niveles socioecológicos, persisten lagunas en el conocimiento sobre los resultados en la prevención del VIH. Realizamos un análisis basal de una cohorte inscrita en Tushirikiane-4-Uthabiti, una intervención centrada en las prácticas de pruebas de VIH entre jóvenes refugiados urbanos de 16 a 24 años en Kampala, Uganda (N = 330). Utilizando modelos de regresión, examinamos los factores sociales, comunitarios e interpersonales asociados con la autoeficacia para el uso del condón [CUSE], el uso consistente del condón, el acceso a kits de autoprueba de VIH [HIVST] y la realización reciente de pruebas de VIH. La mayoría de los participantes eran mujeres (53,3%), con una edad media de 21,3 años (DE = 2,9). Una quinta parte informó uso consistente del condón (19,1%), más de la mitad accedió a kits de autoprueba de VIH (56,4%) y la mitad informó pruebas de VIH recientes (50,6%). Los resultados estadísticamente significativos mostraron que mayor nivel educativo (β = 0,18, p < 0,001) y resiliencia financiera (β = 0,18, p < 0,001) se asociaron positivamente con la autoeficacia para el uso del condón, mientras que la inseguridad alimentaria (β = − 0,21, p < 0,05) se asoció negativamente. Estar en una relación casual (razón de momios ajustada [aOR] 3,33, p < 0,05) y la autoeficacia para el uso del condón (aOR 1,12, p < 0,010) se asociaron con mayores probabilidades de uso consistente de condón. Mayor nivel educativo (aOR 2,45, p < 0,001), el estigma hacia la salud sexual y reproductiva en adolescentes (aOR 1,16, p < 0,010) y el estigma percibido hacia el VIH (aOR 1,05, p < 0,05) se asociaron con mayores probabilidades de acceder recientemente a kits de autoprueba de VIH. La resiliencia financiera (aOR 1,05, p<0,010) y la paternidad/maternidad joven (aOR = 2,32, p < 0,010) se asociaron con mayores probabilidades de haberse realizado una prueba de VIH el último año. Los hallazgos demuestran resultados subóptimos en la prevención del VIH y resaltan la necesidad de intervenciones adaptadas y multinivel para mejorar la salud sexual de la juventud refugiada urbana.
6. Patient-Provider Sexual Health Communications and PEP Awareness Among Young Cisgender Men Who Have Sex with Men.
期刊: AIDS and behavior 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in the United States remain disproportionately affected by HIV, yet their awareness and uptake of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) remain suboptimal. Patient-provider communication about sexual health has been shown to influence engagement with HIV prevention services, yet its role in shaping PEP awareness among YMSM not currently using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is poorly understood. This study analyzes cross-sectional data from 570 HIV-negative YMSM aged 15-24 to examine associations between provider discussions of sexual health topics and PEP awareness. Multivariable logistic regression models controlled for demographic, behavioral, and structural factors. PEP awareness was associated with prior HIV testing (OR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.65-4.27), having health insurance (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.20-4.43), prior healthcare access barriers (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.08-3.11), and discussing HIV/STI prevention with a provider (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.32-3.16). Because only HIV/STI prevention discussions, not the broader range of sexual health topics, were associated with PEP awareness, our findings emphasize the value of targeted prevention-focused dialogue between providers and YMSM not on PrEP. Future research should examine how such communication influences not only awareness but also PEP uptake and adherence in this high-priority population.
7. Iron Balance and Cardiovascular Health: The Double-Edged Role of Deficiency and Overload.
期刊: Cardiovascular toxicology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for about a third of all deaths. Traditional risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity are well known, but iron also plays a crucial role in heart health. Iron is essential for oxygen transport, mitochondrial function, and heart muscle activity, and both deficiency and overload can harm cardiovascular outcomes. This review examines studies on iron metabolism, regulation via the hepcidin-ferroportin pathway, myocardial energy, oxidative stress, and clinical trials of iron supplementation or reduction in heart failure, chronic kidney disease, the elderly, women, and athletes. Iron deficiency affects over 60% of heart failure patients, leading to reduced energy, lower exercise capacity, and higher morbidity. Intravenous iron improves functional capacity, quality of life, and reduces hospitalizations, especially in patients with low transferrin saturation. Iron overload, on the other hand, increases oxidative stress, arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy. Evidence shows a U-shaped relationship between iron and cardiovascular outcomes, emphasizing the importance of markers like transferrin saturation, soluble transferrin receptor, and hepcidin. Iron imbalance contributes to cardiovascular disease. Targeted assessment and treatment, including supplementation for deficiency and chelation or phlebotomy for overload, may improve outcomes. The ultimate aim of this review is to enhance perioperative management and long-term results for this highly vulnerable population by synthesizing current insights and addressing knowledge gaps.
8. Development of institutional guidelines for menstrual suppression and abnormal uterine bleeding in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies.
期刊: Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Bleeding complications significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality of patients with hematologic malignancies. Although there is some evidence for treatment and prevention of uterine bleeding in patients with cancer, there is no specific guidance used universally for hematologic malignancies. This study evaluated prescribing patterns of agents used for treatment and prevention of uterine bleeding in patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies to provide guidance for a standardized approach for treatment and prevention of uterine bleeding within a single health system. Evaluation of prescribing patterns was performed via a dual-center, retrospective chart review of patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies and receiving preventative therapies, and/or treatment for uterine bleeding between January 1, 2018, and September 1, 2021. A guideline for the health system was drafted based on an assessment of results. A total of 91 patients were evaluated. For prevention of uterine bleeding, 68% of patients received leuprolide acetate alone. For treatment of uterine bleeding, 25% of patients required initiation of and/or increased doses of medroxyprogesterone. Fifty-seven percent of patients with uterine bleeding had adjustment of their baseline platelet transfusion goal from ≥ 10 K/cu mm to a goal of ≥ 20 K/cu mm or greater. Based on data from the retrospective chart review, an institutional guideline was created, including recommendations for patients to receive a 3-month formulation of leuprolide acetate with concomitant oral medroxyprogesterone at 20 mg/day for prevention of uterine bleeding. Further prospective studies are needed to determine optimal strategies for prevention and treatment of uterine bleeding in this patient population.
9. Genome-wide association study identifies novel and confirms established loci associated with serum lipids levels in Brazilians.
期刊: Human genetics 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can result from genetic and environmental influences. Most genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted in European populations, limiting our understanding of polymorphisms involved in lipid levels in admixed populations such as Brazilians. Therefore, this study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with lipid traits and develop polygenic risk scores (PRS) for dyslipidemia prediction in a large cohort of Brazilians. We performed GWAS of lipid phenotypes using 19,016 Brazilian individuals previously genotyped with SNP array and with available biochemical lipid measurements. After quality control and imputation, GWAS analyses were conducted separately for triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Trans-ancestry PRS were constructed using PRS-CSx. A set of 161 lead genome-wide significant SNPs were identified across lipid traits, including 62 previously reported in different populations, and many others representing potential novel associations for TC and TG. PRS models showed consistent associations with lipid levels, with increasing prevalence of elevated TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and TG across higher PRS deciles. The area under the curve (AUC) values ranged from 0.62 to 0.66 across traits, with the highest performances for TC, non-HDL-C and TG. This study provides new insights into the genetic architecture of lipid traits in an admixed Brazilian population. Our findings underscore the relevance of conducting GWAS in diverse populations, support the use of PRS for risk stratification and prevention, and point to novel targets for drug development.
10. New Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines From the US Department of Health and Human Services: Strengthening Women's Preventive Health.
期刊: JAMA 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
This Viewpoint discusses past cervical cancer screening guidelines and presents new Women’s Preventive Services guidelines issued by the US Department of Health and Human Services.
11. Longevity, Centenarians, and Lifestyle: Any ''Tips'' to Live Longer?
期刊: Current nutrition reports 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the lifestyle factors that are associated with longevity and healthy aging, having Centenarians as a reference population. RECENT FINDINGS: Despite cultural differences, Centenarians exhibit common behavioural patterns and lifestyle habits believed to promote longevity. In particular, plant-based dietary patterns provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, thus counteracting physiological and pathophysiological processes relating to unsuccessful aging. Regular physical activity reduces inflammation and preserves lean mass, leading to metabolic fitness and adequate body composition. Finally, meditation practices have been shown to reduce stress reactivity and inflammatory responses related to cortisol secretion. This multifactorial approach might improve the health status and life quality of older people as a priority of the continuous increase of the ageing population. For the promotion of successful aging, lifestyle interventions should follow a multifactorial approach. This review offers specific recommendations to promote longevity in the general population, including plant-based eating patterns, physical activity and psychological well-being.
12. Effect on insulin clearance of different pharmacological treatments in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a hypothesis-generative study.
期刊: Journal of endocrinological investigation 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Impaired insulin clearance has been found in women with PCOS and contribute to generate hyperinsulinemia in these subjects. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unknown. The aim of this retrospective study was to explore if the heterogeneous treatments used in these patients to counteract their hormonal and metabolic alterations can also affect insulin clearance. Forty-seven women with PCOS were included in the study. They belonged to different experimental groups, submitted to treatments with the following drugs: GnRH-agonist (buserelin, n = 10), antiandrogens (spironolactone, n = 9), metformin (n = 18), or placebo (n = 10). Metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) and insulin sensitivity were measured by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, performed before and after treatment. Insulin secretion was estimated by the HOMA β-index. Treatments were associated, as expected, with different clinical effects. In ANOVA analysis, changes in MCRI significantly differed between treatment groups. In particular, metformin increased MCRI as compared with other treatments or placebo. Mediation analysis showed that about 25% of this effect of metformin was mediated by the concurrent BMI change, whereas it was not influenced by changes in peripheral insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion. The impairment of MCRI, which contributes to the hyperinsulinemia typical of PCOS, significantly improved after treatment with metformin. This effect was only partially explained by the reduction of BMI, whereas changes in insulin sensitivity did not show a mediation effect in this phenomenon, suggesting that other metformin-induced mechanisms are involved.
13. Potential change in healthcare costs of implementing artificial intelligence for detecting cervical spine fractures on CT: an early health technology assessment.
期刊: European radiology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
To assess healthcare costs of patients screened for cervical spine (C-spine) fractures using CT, and estimate the change in in-hospital costs if an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for C-spine fracture detection would assist the radiologist as concurrent reader. This retrospective, early health technology assessment included 2321 consecutive patients (2007-2014; median age 49 years; 61% male) screened for C-spine fractures using CT, of whom 219 patients with fractures. Healthcare costs were calculated per diagnostic category (true positive, true negative, false positive and false negative) based on the diagnosis made by the attending radiologists, and by AI analysis, compared to the reference standard. The potential diagnostic accuracy measures with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for diagnoses made by radiologists assisted by AI and the potential average cost per diagnostic category in this scenario were estimated. Radiologists identified 193/219 fractures and 2085/2102 scans without fractures. AI identified 23 fractures and 16 scans without fractures that had been misclassified by the radiologists. This resulted in a potential sensitivity of 216/219 (98.6%, 95% CI: 95.7-99.6, 10.5% increase compared to radiologists) and specificity of 2101/2102 (100.0%, 95% CI: 99.7-100, 0.8% increase compared to radiologists) for the AI-assisted scenario. The total cost for the AI-assisted scenario was €60,862 (0.3%) higher than for radiologists alone. In this scenario analysis, the addition of AI as concurrent reader to radiologists was estimated to potentially increase sensitivity by 10.5% and specificity by 0.8% together with a 0.3% increase in in-hospital costs due to more detected fractures. Question The impact of artificial intelligence to detect cervical spine fractures on CT on in-hospital healthcare resource use and costs is unknown. Findings Assistance by AI could potentially improve radiologists’ sensitivity and specificity by 10.5% and 0.8%, respectively, for an additional healthcare cost increase of just 0.3%. Clinical relevance Using artificial intelligence as concurrent reader to radiologists to detect cervical spine fractures on CT could potentially increase diagnostic accuracy to nearly 100% with a minimal increase in in-hospital healthcare resource costs.
14. Indocyanine green fluorescence-guided proximal margin identification in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy: a randomized clinical trial.
期刊: Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
15. Sunlight and suicide risk: mediating effect of high temperature in China.
期刊: International journal of biometeorology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Studies worldwide have reported an increase in suicide during hot weather. In summer, high temperature and intense sunlight often coincide, with the latter being a prerequisite for the former formation. However, little is known about whether and to what extent high temperature mediates the effect of sunlight on suicide. We obtained daily suicide death data in Anhui Province of China for the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020. Both daily sunshine hours and daily solar radiation were employed to measure the sunlight exposure. The space-time-stratified case-crossover analysis was used to estimate the association between sunlight exposure and suicide deaths in high- and non-high-temperature weather during the warm season (May through September). A linear regression was then utilized to estimate the extent to which the association was mediated through temperature. Sunlight during the warm season demonstrated a protective effect on suicide in non-high-temperature weather but a hazardous effect in high-temperature weather. Further mediation analysis in high-temperature weather showed that the direct effect of sunlight on suicide deaths was more pronounced than the effect mediated through temperature. The proportion mediated through temperature in the association between sunshine hours and suicide deaths ranged from 11.27% to 18.37%, while the range for solar radiation and suicide deaths was lower (0.50% to 0.89%). Sunlight not only affects suicide risk but also has an indirect effect that is partially mediated through high temperature. Our findings need to be proven in distinct regions, aiming to better understand the role of sunlight and high temperature in triggering suicide.
16. Occurrence of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in pig feeds: potential implications for workers' exposure.
期刊: Mycotoxin research 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
The objective of the study was to assess the potential exposure of pig farmers to toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins by investigating their presence in feeds to understand whether these matrices may represent a source of release into the environment and pose an occupational health risk. Nine feed samples were collected from several intensive farms located in Southern Italy and analyzed through a multi-methodological approach. A total of 35 molds were isolated and A. flavus turned out to be the most frequently species, representing nearly 46% (16/35), followed by A. niger and A. candidus, each at 11.43%. Among the 16 A. flavus strains, 8 possessed all 5 key genes of the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway but only 4 showed the true aflatoxigenic capacity as confirmed by HPLC/MS-MS analysis (AFB1 range: 0.52-1030 µg/L). The most frequent mycotoxin was Ochratoxin A (OTA), occurring in 100% of the samples at mean concentration of 33.6 µg/kg while Fumonisin B1 (FB1) occurred in 97% of the feed samples at mean concentration of 247.1 µg/kg. Only one sample was contaminated by Aflatoxin B1 (5.84 µg/kg), classified as carcinogenic to humans. Our results confirm that feedstuffs can contribute to contamination of the work environment, and tasks involving their handling may represent critical procedures that expose personnel to airborne toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins.
17. Reference Curves for Metabolic Syndrome Indicators in Children and Adolescents: A Global Systematic Review.
期刊: Current obesity reports 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
We aimed to summarise recent evidence on age- and sex-specific reference curves for metabolic syndrome (MetS) indicators in paediatric populations. There is a lack of consensus regarding diagnostic thresholds for MetS in children and adolescents, leading to challenges in its early identification and intervention. A systematic search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Scopus, covering the period between January 2018 and February 2025. Three researchers evaluated 8,529 studies according to the inclusion criteria. Finally, 46 articles that reported reference values for at least one metabolic indicator: waist circumference, fasting glucose, glycated haemoglobin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic or diastolic blood pressure, in children aged 0 to 18 years were included in the review and data synthesis. The age-specific trends in each MetS indicator were assessed by calculating the median reference curves along with the lower and upper percentile bounds. Overall, there has been a substantial heterogeneity in the reported reference values for waist circumference and glucose metabolism biomarkers. Comparatively smaller variations were observed for blood pressure and lipid parameters. Limited data were available for young age groups (0-4 years) and there have been substantial differences in study methodologies including study design, assays and statistical approaches used to derive reference curves. This systematic review highlighted the substantial inconsistencies in the reported reference curves for MetS indicators in children and adolescents. There is a pressing need for deriving harmonized reference curves for paediatric MetS from diverse populations.
18. Private Equity in Autism Services.
期刊: JAMA pediatrics 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
This economic evaluation reports the number of therapeutic services for autism spectrum disorder that were acquired by private equity companies between 2015 and 2024.
19. Experiences of youth and caregivers waiting for mental health services in the UK: a qualitative study to inform policy and practice.
期刊: European child & adolescent psychiatry 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Long waitlists are the most commonly reported barrier to accessing mental health services in the UK and across Europe. Yet, we have almost no understanding of the lived experiences of waiting among youth and their caregivers. In this qualitative study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 20 youth (aged 11-17) and 15 caregivers from ten child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) sites geographically spread across England. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse the data. We generated four themes that characterised participants’ experiences of waiting: (1) decline in mental and physical health, (2) strain on family dynamics and wider relationships, (3) unclear processes and communication, and (4) perceived mismatch between need and support. We also generated four themes illustrating participants’ coping strategies while waiting: (1) using self-help and parenting resources, (2) engaging in hobbies, (3) relying on social support, and (4) seeking alternative services. There is an urgent need to shorten CAMHS wait times as our findings show the adverse impact of waiting on youth and their families, with mental health worsening not just due to time passing but as a direct result of being put on a waitlist. While youth on CAMHS waitlists make active efforts to manage their symptoms, limitations to these coping strategies suggest that improved information sharing and tailored interim support is needed to mitigate against mental health deterioration while waiting.
20. Exploring relationship pathways to prevent intimate partner violence among young women in Malawi.
期刊: Culture, health & sexuality 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
International estimates of intimate partner violence (IPV) among adolescents and young women are high, indicating the need to address IPV prevention early in life. Structural economic interventions, such as household cash transfer programmes, have the potential to improve the wellbeing of youth who are not the direct recipients of the transfers themselves. However, few studies have addressed this topic in terms of youth romantic and/or sexual relationships. We conducted 39 in-depth interviews with young women aged 19-29 years in households participating in the Government of Malawi’s Social Cash Transfer Programme (SCTP) to examine relationship formation, IPV triggers and experiences, and help-seeking behaviours. We found that young women did not directly attribute SCTP effects to their intimate relationships or IPV experiences. Threats to masculinity and transgressions of women’s gender norms were key triggers of IPV, but specific triggers were linked to specific types of IPV. Furthermore, women sought help for non-IPV concerns more than IPV-related issues. Our results reveal there is a need to strengthen cash transfer programmes and layer them with tailored interventions for adolescents and young women in participant households to improve relationships and prevent IPV early in life.
21. A case of total remnant pancreas resection performed for gastric-type IPMC after pancreaticoduodenectomy for intestinal-type IPMC.
期刊: Clinical journal of gastroenterology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Recurrence of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) in the remnant pancreas after surgery is a significant clinical challenge. A 68-year-old woman was incidentally found to have a 50-mm mixed-type intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) in the pancreatic head during a health check. She underwent subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with pancreatogastrostomy. Pathology revealed intestinal-type IPMC (pStage IA) with venous invasion and negative margins. Adjuvant oral S-1 chemotherapy was administered for six months. Eighteen months later, she developed rapid increases in HbA1c and tumor markers. Computed tomography showed 8-mm main pancreatic duct dilation in the remnant pancreas. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a papillary tumor extending into the gastric mucosa, and biopsy confirmed adenocarcinoma. She was diagnosed with recurrent IPMC in the remnant pancreas and underwent total pancreatectomy with splenectomy. Intraoperative gastric endoscopy determined the extent of gastric wall resection. Postoperative chylous leakage occurred but resolved, and she was discharged on day 26. Pathology revealed non-invasive gastric-type IPMC, distinct from the intestinal-type lesion in the initial surgery. This case represents a rare metachronous recurrence of gastric-type IPMC following resection of intestinal-type IPMC, emphasizing the need for vigilant long-term surveillance and awareness of potential histologic subtype changes.
22. Optimized Electrical Stimulation Using a Spray-Printed Conductive Electroceutical Patch for Accelerated Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice.
期刊: Advanced healthcare materials 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Impaired wound healing in diabetic patients, driven by sustained inflammation and vascular dysfunction, often leads to chronic wounds and serious complications. Transitioning the wound environment from pro-inflammatory to regenerative states requires precise modulation of macrophages and supporting cell activities. Although electrical stimulation (ES) has been highlighted as a novel approach to modulate inflammatory reactions and treat chronic wounds, conventional electroceuticals face translational hurdles due to undefined optimal parameters and technical limitations of ES devices. In this study, we screened and identified key ES parameters that attenuate prolonged inflammation and promote a regenerative immune environment for chronic wound treatment. To enable successful translation of optimized ES conditions, we fabricated a spray-printed conductive ink-based electroceutical (SCOPE) patch composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and liquid metal (LM), enabling highly conductive, stable ES delivery at dynamic wound sites. In an animal study using a diabetic mouse wound model, application of the electroceutical patch suppressed local inflammation and enhanced tissue regeneration through re-epithelialization and neovascularization. Collectively, our functional and mechanistic investigations of ES conditions, together with their implementation via an electroceutical patch, suggest an effective therapeutic platform for modulating immune responses and promoting wound healing under chronic inflammatory conditions.
23. Interventions addressing violence against women in health services: An overview of systematic reviews regarding barriers and facilitators to implementation.
期刊: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Violence against women is a global issue rooted in gender inequities, requiring coordinated responses within the healthcare system. However, both providers and users face significant challenges in effectively implementing interventions to address it. To synthesize and critically discuss, from the perspectives of professionals and users, the barriers and facilitators to implementing interventions addressing violence against women within healthcare services. This umbrella review combined the Joanna Briggs Institute’s method and the Evidence Synthesis for Health Policy. The search was conducted from databases (PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PsycInfo, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library). Systematic reviews were included if they allowed for the analysis of individual, relational, contextual, and cultural factors involved in the interventions. Data extraction focused on study characteristics and findings related to implementation barriers and facilitators. A narrative synthesis was undertaken, enabling a discussion of recommendations for policy, research, and practice. Among the 11 systematic reviews, primary studies from high-income countries were noted, with a notable emphasis on primary healthcare services. The successful implementation of interventions is shaped by a complex interplay of individual, relational, cultural, and systemic factors. Key determinants influencing implementation included workforce education, providers’ and survivors’ feelings, healthcare provider attitudes, prevailing cultural norms, and institutional support mechanisms. The implementation of interventions requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account the complex nuances influencing the success of efforts to address violence against women in healthcare settings.
24. Development and evaluation of a survey tool to measure DOHaD awareness.
期刊: Journal of developmental origins of health and disease 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Research into the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) has established links between environmental exposures in early life and later-life health outcomes. Emerging interventions typically focus on improving maternal nutrition and neonatal healthcare practices yet often neglect to assess or enhance subject understanding of potential long-term impacts or to communicate the benefits of maximising parental health prior to conception. This study critically evaluates a survey tool developed to measure knowledge of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and early-life contributors to lifelong health. The rationale behind the wording and format of the questions is examined alongside options for coding and statistical interpretation of the data. Considerations for implementation are discussed, illustrated by key findings arising from tracking of the tool’s application in Aotearoa New Zealand over ten years. We demonstrate that the survey tool can be adapted for use in a variety of contexts, producing both quantitative and qualitative baseline data suitable for informing health promotion interventions and monitoring changes in population knowledge. This research also highlights a key difference between awareness of and understanding of scientific concepts and the importance of distinguishing between these when considering public engagement with science.
25. Psycho-socio-economic factors and risk of cardiorenal multimorbidity in middle to older-aged adults: prospective findings from the Canadian longitudinal study on aging.
期刊: GeroScience 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Psycho-socio-economic factors (PSEFs) such as income and homeownership may influence the prevalence of cardiorenal multimorbidity (CRM), yet their prospective associations with CRM risk remain unclear. This study aimed to estimate CRM incidence and examine its relationships with multiple PSEFs in a nationally representative Canadian cohort. We analyzed data from 16,557 participants (mean age: 60.4 years; 48.9% men) in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) who were free of CRM at baseline (2010-2015). Incident CRM was defined as the co-occurrence of at least one cardiovascular disease and kidney disease at second follow-up (2018-2021). Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PSEFs and CRM risk. Over 3-11 years follow-up, 194 participants (1.2%) developed CRM, corresponding to 8.80 per 1,000 individuals (95% CI: 6.77-11.40). CRM incidence increased with age, was higher in men than women (10.63 vs. 7.35 per 1,000), urban than rural residents (9.69 vs. 3.72 per 1,000), and immigrants than non-immigrants (10.87 vs. 8.49 per 1,000). Greater tangible social support reduced CRM risk (OR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.43-0.97), while depression (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.07-2.65) and PTSD (OR = 3.14; 95% CI: 1.74-5.67) increased risk. In middle- to older-aged Canadian adults, higher social support appears protective, whereas depression and PTSD increase CRM risk. Although incidence was low, CRM burden rose with age and was higher among men, urban residents and immigrants. These findings highlight the importance of psychosocial well-being and social connectedness in preventing CRM and reducing multimorbidity burden in aging populations.
26. Antioxidants rescue murine mesangial cells from docosahexaenoic acid-induced ferroptosis.
期刊: Molecular and cellular pediatrics 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are associated with anti-inflammatory effects. However, few studies have investigated their molecular effects in the kidney. We have previously shown that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can lead to aggravation of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis and that n-3 PUFAs can attenuate long-term effects of IUGR by reversing pro-inflammatory molecular signatures in kidney cortex. The original aim of the study was to investigate the potential protective mechanisms of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on murine mesangial cells. However, stimulation with DHA alone led to reduced cell viability and ultimately cell death. Proteome analysis revealed significant regulation of ferroptosis-associated proteins. Increased expression of the pro-ferroptotic protein HMOX1 and decreased expression of the pro-ferroptotic proteins TFRC and ACSL4 could indicate the onset of self-protection mechanisms in ferroptosis that is already underway. Interestingly, treatment with the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 maintained cellular metabolic activity and prevented cell death, further supporting a role of ferroptosis in DHA-induced cytotoxicity. Consistently, DHA-treated cells exhibited pronounced lipid peroxidation while showing no relevant activation of apoptosis. Simultaneous treatment with DHA and an antioxidant cocktail significantly attenuated cell death and induced upregulation of several key anti-ferroptotic proteins, including TXNRD1 and GPX4, while pro-ferroptotic proteins such as TFRC and ASCL4 were further reduced. Our results provide evidence that DHA-treatment alone may have detrimental effects in susceptible cells, which could partially explain inconsistent results of clinical studies. This emphasizes the importance of a balance between pro- and anti-ferroptotic mechanisms in therapeutic strategies using n-3 PUFAs to promote kidney health.
27. DDX11/SKP2 Inhibits Cisplatin Sensitivity in Liver Cancer Cells by Regulating DNA Damage Repair and ER Stress.
期刊: Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Cisplatin is mainly used for treating terminal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the development of drug resistance limits its clinical efficacy in treating this disease. The helicase activity of DDX11 can prevent hypersensitivity to chemotherapy drugs and DNA damage. The aim of this study was to explore the potential molecular mechanism through which DDX11 mediates cisplatin resistance in HCC. HepG2 and Huh7 cisplatin-resistant strains were established and named HepG2-DDP and Huh7-DDP, respectively. Cell proliferation and DNA damage were measured by CCK-8, colony formation and comet assays, and the expression of related proteins and genes was detected by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and RT‒qPCR. The HepG2-DDP and Huh7-DDP cell lines were xenografted subcutaneously into nude mice to investigate the role of DDX11 in vivo. DDX11 expression was upregulated in HCC clinical samples and cell lines. DDX11 knockdown inhibited HCC cell proliferation and promoted sensitivity to cisplatin, DNA damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and SKP2 knockdown weakened the effects of DDX11 overexpression and promoted cisplatin-induced ER stress. Mechanistically, DDX11 inhibited cisplatin-induced DNA damage and ER stress by upregulating SKP2 expression, ultimately reducing the sensitivity of HCC cells to cisplatin. This study revealed that the DDX11/SKP2 axis may be a promising therapeutic target for improving resistance to cisplatin in patients with HCC.
28. Integrative Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking-Based Validation of Berberine as a Therapeutic Agent in Arsenic-Induced Cardiotoxicity.
期刊: Cardiovascular toxicology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Exposure to arsenic (As) is a serious environmental and public health risk because it can cause systemic toxicity, which could lead to serious cardiovascular disease like heart failure, arrhythmias, and coronary heart disease (CHD). Exploring safer and multi-target therapeutic agents is gaining popularity as a result of the shortcomings of traditional therapies. The isoquinoline alkaloid berberine which is derived from plants, exhibits strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective properties. This study employs an integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking approach to investigate the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of berberine in arsenic-induced cardiotoxicity. Key genes target arsenic-induced cardiotoxicity and berberine, have been identified using the Swiss Target Prediction, Gene Cards, OMIM, and CTD databases. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated by analysing frequently intersecting genes with the STRING and Cytoscape tools. Shiny GO was used to conduct pathway enrichment analysis for the KEGG and Gene Ontology databases. Auto Dock was used to assess berberine’s binding affinity. Berberine and arsenic-related cardiotoxicity shared 17 common targets. The primary targets were identified using Cytoscape ABL-1 (2G2F), CDK2 (1HCK), CYP19A1 (3EQM), ICAM-1 (4G6J), KIT (1T45), MAPK14 (3PY3), PGR (1A28), PTGS2 (5F19), RAC1 (3TH5), and SRC (2SRC). Enrichment analysis revealed TNF, VEGF, and AGE-RAGE signaling involvement, all of which are linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Binding affinity between berberine and the target was found to be ABL-1 (-9.2 kcal/mol), PTGS2 (-8.8 kcal/mol), SRC (-8.7 kcal/mol), CYP19A1 (-8.6 kcal/mol), KIT (-8.3 kcal/mol), RAC1 (-7.9 kcal/mol), CDK2 (-7.5 kcal/mol), ICAM-1 (-7.2 kcal/mol), MAPK (-6.8 kcal/mol), PGR (-5.6 kcal/mol). Berberine has multi-targeted therapeutic potential for arsenic-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating inflammatory and oxidative pathways. These results could support the possible usage of berberine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases caused by arsenic and provide a mechanistic link for further experimental validation.
29. Rewriting Diabetes Therapy: How Incretin Modulation is Transforming Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes.
期刊: Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular (CV) disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD) drive excess morbidity and mortality. Beyond glucose-lowering, incretin-based therapies may provide organ protection across the cardiorenal axis. Narrative review of mechanistic pathways and randomized trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), DPP-4 inhibitors, and newer dual/triple agonists, with targeted updates from recent pivotal programs (SELECT, FLOW, SOUL, SURPASS-CVOT) and emerging oral small-molecule GLP-1R agonists. Long-acting GLP-1RA reduces major adverse CV events (MACE), all-cause and CV death, heart-failure hospitalization, and kidney composites across CV outcome trials and meta-analyses. A 2019 pooled analysis and a 2025 update confirm consistent reductions in MACE and hard kidney outcomes independent of baseline HbA1c. In obesity without diabetes, semaglutide 2.4 mg lowered MACE in SELECT, expanding prevention beyond glycemia. In CKD with T2DM, FLOW showed that semaglutide reduced major kidney disease events and death from CV/kidney causes. In T2DM with ASCVD and/or CKD, the SOUL cardiovascular outcome trial (CVOT) demonstrated that oral semaglutide reduced three-point MACE versus placebo. In head-to-head CVOT, tirzepatide was non-inferior to dulaglutide on MACE while achieving greater weight and HbA1c reductions. Mechanistically, GLP-1R signaling spans Gs-cAMP/PKA, β-arrestin-dependent pathways, and additional routes (including Gq contexts), aligning with anti-inflammatory, natriuretic, and antifibrotic effects observed preclinically and clinically. Oral non-peptide GLP-1R agonists (e.g., orforglipron) show phase 2 efficacy but lack long-term CV/renal outcome data. Incretin-based therapy has shifted care from glucose-centric targets to cardiorenal risk reduction. GLP-1RA are guideline-endorsed for patients with T2DM and high CV/renal risk irrespective of HbA1c; dual agonists and oral small-molecule agents may broaden indications pending definitive outcome evidence.
30. Study on the mechanism of TMZ resistance in brain glioma regulated by copper death.
期刊: Neurological research 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
The objective of this study is to investigate the mechanism of cuproptosis regulation in TMZ resistance in GBM, and provide an important theoretical basis for the rational design of combination therapy to block TMZ resistance. The experimental participants were divided into four groups, including a control group (Control), a Control + CU-ES group, a TMZ group, and a TMZ + copper ion carrier (TMZ + CU-ES) group. TMZ-resistant U87 MG cell lines (U87 MG/TR) were established using a concentration gradient method. Cell proliferation rates were assessed using the CCK8 assay, apoptosis was analyzed via flow cytometry, and gene and protein expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by using qRT-PCR and Western Blot. Differences in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and apoptosis-related molecule expression were compared across groups. The U87 MG/TR-resistant strain was established (IC50 =141.5 μM). Compared with the Control group, TMZ group showed a decrease in the cell proliferation rate but an increase in the apoptosis rate (p < 0.05). The TMZ + CU-ES group exhibited a further significant reduction in the cell proliferation rate and a significant increase in the apoptosis rate. The expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in the TMZ + CU-ES group was significantly higher than that in the TMZ group. TMZ resistance in glioma cells was affectively reversed by the cuproptosis pathway, a mechanism likely involving the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. This finding offered a novel strategy for overcoming TMZ resistance.
31. New insights into the potential effects of date palm seed powder supplementation on the growth, hemato-biochemical indices, organ histology, and gene expression in Rahmani sheep.
期刊: Tropical animal health and production 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
32. Dietary supplementation with 9% low-purity crude glycerine increases spermatocytes and sperm yield in bulls.
期刊: Tropical animal health and production 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
33. First-principles study of 2D V-V binary material α-AsN for VOCs-sensing applications.
期刊: Nanotechnology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Increased emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are prone to cause health issues like cancer and central nervous system disorders, making the development of efficient VOCs-sensing materials crucial. Monolayer α-AsN, a 2D V-V binary material with a wrinkled honeycomb structure, features better environmental stability (higher cohesive energy than black phosphorus, BP) and tunable electrical properties (unlike single-target VOC-sensing TMDs). It overcomes flaws of existing 2D sensors (BP’s poor stability, TMDs’ narrow selectivity) while retaining high surface-to-volume ratio, and shows superior adsorption efficiency and selectivity for alcohol VOCs versus BP and acetone-specialized Janus TMDs. However, its VOCs-sensing performance remains uninvestigated. This study employed density functional theory (DFT) and nonequilibrium Green’s function to systematically investigate the adsorption and sensing behaviors of monolayer α-AsN toward the five VOCs. Electronic localization function (ELF) analysis confirmed physical adsorption (no chemical bonding) between α-AsN and all VOCs. Among the tested VOCs, methanol and ethanol exhibited the highest adsorption energy and density (ethanol slightly higher), with ultra-low detection limits (7.69×10-4p.p.b. for methanol and 4.88×10-5p.p.b. for ethanol). Critically, methanol adsorption reduced α-AsN’s current by 30%, while ethanol increased it by 100%. These findings demonstrate that monolayer α-AsN holds great application potential for the selective detection of methanol and ethanol.
34. Sleep in Children With Developmental Disabilities: How Can Videosomnography Inform Intervention?
期刊: Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Sleep problem treatments are commonly used by families raising children with developmental disabilities (DD). However, intervention targets often build exclusively on parent reports which can include inherent biases or missing information. To inform sleep intervention targets in this population, the present study explored using videosomnography-a video-based sleep assessment method. This qualitative descriptive study observed nine school-aged children (M age = 10 years, majority African American boys) with DD for 7-consecutive nights. Videos captured sleep-wake behaviors, caregiver-child interactions, and environmental factors. Thematic analysis identified themes/intervention targets. Three themes emerged: (1) “children are active and awake when they should be asleep”; (2) “mothers engaged in various caregiving and nighttime activities,” including co-sleeping; and (3) “poor sleep hygiene and environment,” which did not meet clinical recommendations. Videosomnography provided unique insights into sleep behaviors, nighttime parenting, and sleep environments, highlighting intervention targets to improve sleep in children with DD.
35. Lithium Pollution Arising from Papermaking and Textile Dyeing Industries: Emission Characteristics and Environmental Impact.
期刊: Environmental science & technology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Elevated concentrations of lithium (Li) in natural ecosystems have intensified concerns about its potential environmental and health risks. However, the role of traditional industrial activities in Li pollution remains poorly understood. Here, we present the first comprehensive assessment of Li pollution originating from the papermaking and textile dyeing industries. Results show that effluents from industrial wastewater treatment plants contain Li at concentrations that are 10-100 times those in natural waters, thereby substantially increasing the dissolved Li concentrations in adjacent surface water and groundwater. Conventional wastewater treatment processes show limited efficiency in removing dissolved Li. Quantitative analysis estimates that the annual Li emissions from China’s papermaking and textile dyeing industries are 60.2 and 231 t, respectively, accounting for approximately 6% of the total Li flux in China’s river systems. Moreover, paper products and industrial dust from these sectors are significantly enriched in total Li with a high proportion associated with labile fractions. Li isotope signatures of traditional industrial sources differ from those of natural sources, thus serving as an effective indicator for source apportionment. These findings uncover the previously overlooked contribution of traditional industries to the global Li cycle and provide new evidence to inform mitigation of Li contamination from these sources.
36. Fully Weft-Faced Fabric Architectures Enable Triboelectric Nanogenerators with High-Performance Energy Harvesting and Motion Sensing.
期刊: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Advancements in wearable technology are revolutionizing health monitoring, human-machine interaction, and environmental sensing, enabling seamless integration into daily life. However, the development of truly autonomous and reliable wearable electronics remains hindered by limited material longevity, safety concerns, and high production costs. Here, we present a fully weft-faced structured fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator (FWSF-TENG) for wearable energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. Utilizing a weaving technique, we construct a densely packed, weft-dominated matrix of nylon filaments and silver-plated nylon yarns, integrated with a laminated composite of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) embedded with barium titanate nanoparticles and a copper-nickel fabric electrode. This robust, multilayered architecture is engineered to enhance triboelectric performance, maximizing contact area to ensure efficient charge transfer and stable output under diverse mechanical deformations. The FWSF-TENG demonstrates remarkable electrical performance, including a high-power density of 2408.70 mW m-2 and excellent air permeability of 603 mm s-1, while maintaining stable performance after 10 wash cycles and over 60 000 operation cycles with skin compatibility. Its lightweight and breathable design allows seamless integration into smart textiles such as trousers and insoles, enabling real-time wireless activity detection and comprehensive gait analysis. Overall, this work offers a safe, durable, and cost-effective platform for next-generation smart textiles with strong potential in personalized health monitoring, accident prevention, and daily safety enhancement.
37. Preclinical Toxicity Screening of Sodium Dodecanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (LOBS) as a New Alternative Biocide Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models.
期刊: Environmental toxicology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Sodium hypochlorite is a well-established biocide extensively used in both living and industrial environments; however, exposure to it or improper handling can harm the human body and the environment. Thus, safer alternatives to sodium hypochlorite are required. Therefore, the objective of this research was to assess the genotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, 2-week repeated-dose toxicity studies (oral, dermal), and acute irritation/corrosion of sodium dodecanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (LOBS), a new alternative biocide in various biological systems. LOBS did not show genotoxic or cardiotoxic effects in the bacterial reverse mutation test, chromosomal aberration test, or hERG assay. Both males and females showed an increase in U-Na levels (p < 0.01), while an increase in focus/foci, thickness in the stomach, and discoloration was observed in the thymus of males during the 2-week repeated oral-dose toxicity study. In the 2-week repeated dermal-dose toxicity study, no significant adverse effects were observed. While mild erythema and edema were observed in all animals during the acute dermal irritation/corrosion study, all the animals recovered. During the acute eye irritation/corrosion study, all animals showed mild corneal clouding, conjunctival redness, and conjunctival chemosis; however, all animals recovered. Moreover, LOBS was classified into category 3 (mild irritant) and category 2A (irritant) in the acute dermal and eye irritation/corrosion studies. Therefore, LOBS should be further developed as a potential alternative biocide to sodium hypochlorite.
38. The Effect of a Daily Undulating Periodization Program on the Physical Performance of Trainee Tactical Police Officers.
期刊: Journal of strength and conditioning research 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Jeremy, R, Ben, S, and Robin, O. The effect of a daily undulating periodization program on the physical performance of trainee tactical police officers. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2026-Specialist tactical police officers, like Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) teams, require exceptional muscular strength, power, speed, and aerobic fitness. However, physical training is often constrained by demanding operational schedules and competing tactical priorities. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a daily undulating periodization (DUP) program on specialist tactical police officer trainee fitness. A within-subjects, repeated measures, cohort study was conducted with eight police officers undergoing specialist training (29.3 ± 5.5 years, 180.6 ± 6.0 cm, 85.4 ± 7.4 kg). They were assessed before and after a 12-week DUP training cycle consisting of planned varied resistance training sessions emphasizing hypertrophy, max strength, and power development, implemented across 5 days each week to optimize recovery and adaptation. Outcomes included measures of strength (e.g., deadlift, bench press, and pull-up), lower limb peak velocity and power (loaded counter movement jump [CMJ]), and anaerobic (Repeated Anaerobic Sprint Test [RAST]) and aerobic (the Maximum Aerobic Speed [MAS]) fitness. Significant improvements in strength (pull-ups and split squat, p < 0.001) and CMJ peak velocity and power output in the unloaded, 20-kg load, and 40-kg load conditions (p = 0.005-0.04) were found. Significant improvements in the RAST for total time, average power, and maximum power (p = 0.02) along with MAS (p = 0.006) and maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2 max) (p = 0.006) were identified. A DUP program might be an effective method of enhancing the physical fitness required in specialist police officers for the performance of their occupational tasks within their workplace constraints. A DUP program may elicit positive anaerobic and aerobic fitness changes with concurrent increases in lower limb power and strength measures in police officers undergoing specialist police tactical training.
39. Effectiveness of play therapy versus non-play interventions in palliative care for children and adolescents with cancer: a systematic review protocol.
期刊: JBI evidence synthesis 发表日期: 2026-Jan-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of play therapy versus non-play interventions in improving the quality of life, physical and psychosocial functioning, and activity participation of children and adolescents with cancer in palliative care settings. Integrating play interventions early in pediatric palliative care for children and adolescents with cancer, especially in low- to middle-income countries where survival rates are low, is essential for addressing the holistic needs of children or adolescents and their families; however, it remains underutilized. This review will include studies examining children and adolescents with cancer (≤18 years) receiving palliative care. Interventions of interest encompass play therapy, therapeutic play, or play-based activities. Studies will include a comparator group, which will consist of standard palliative care approaches that do not involve play therapy. The primary outcome is patient quality of life; the secondary outcomes encompass physical and psychosocial functions, and activity participation. Eligible study designs will include experimental and quasi-experimental designs, and analytical observational studies. Mixed methods studies that include quantitative data will also be considered. This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. A comprehensive search will be conducted across MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, ProQuest, World Health Organization, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies will be critically appraised for methodological quality using JBI appraisal instruments. Where possible, statistical meta-analysis will be conducted using a random-effects model. The certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, and a Summary of Findings will be created. PROSPERO CRD420250655458.
40. Techniques for Cervical Laminoplasty.
期刊: Global spine journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
Study DesignNarrative review.ObjectiveThe objective of this review was to discuss the various surgical techniques and developments in cervical laminoplasty and outline any reported differences in outcomes between the different techniques used.MethodsA PubMed literature search was performed using the terms “expansive”, “open door laminoplasty”, “cervical”, “double door laminoplasty”, “French door laminoplasty”, and “endoscopic”. All articles written or translated into English were considered and synthesized to provide a narrative overview of cervical laminoplasty techniques.ResultsCervical laminoplasty techniques can be categorized either into “open door” or “double door” (“French door”) laminoplasty. Several iterations of each technique to address long-term closure of the laminoplasty, muscle preservation, and migration of bone grafts have been developed. There are no consistent reported differences in outcomes in the literature between the 2 techniques for individuals with degenerative cervical myelopathy.ConclusionsCervical laminoplasty is an effective surgical technique to expand canal size and achieve spinal cord decompression in the context of degenerative cervical myelopathy secondary to spondylosis or OPLL. Both the “open door” and “double door” laminoplasty techniques generally provide equivalent outcomes. Minimally invasive techniques including endoscopic approaches also continue to evolve, and future research comparing all approaches is warranted.
41. Cervical Laminectomy for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Is There A Role in the Modern Day? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
期刊: Global spine journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
Study DesignSystematic Review and Meta-Analysis.ObjectivesTo compare clinical outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) patients treated with laminectomy alone (LA) vs laminectomy with fusion (LF) and determine post-laminectomy kyphosis incidence.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and MEDLINE from inception-September 2024 for studies comparing LA and LF for DCM. Outcomes assessed included post-laminectomy kyphosis, neurological recovery outcomes, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and complication rates. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models.ResultsTwenty-seven studies including 3286 patients (2272 LA and 1014 LF), met the inclusion criteria. The pooled incidence of post-laminectomy kyphosis in the LA patients was 2.02 events per 100 person-years (95% CI: 1.26-2.78). Post-laminectomy kyphosis declined from 3.67 cases per 100 person-years in pre-2004 studies, to 0.88 cases per 100 person-years in post-2014 studies. No significant differences were observed between LA and LF in neurologic recovery (SMD 0.29, 95% CI 0.02-0.59), pain score improvement (SMD 0.13, 95% CI: -0.38 to 0.64) and complications (OR 0.77, 95 % CI 0.29-2.08), although subgroup analysis demonstrated that the risk of complications in LA may be lower in patients with less than four operative levels.ConclusionsAlthough the annual rate of kyphosis after LA is approximately 2 events per 100 person-years, PROs and complication rates may be similar between LA and LF. These findings should be interpreted with the caveat of considerable heterogeneity between studies and further randomized trials are needed to better delineate the benefits of each approach and to optimize patient selection.
42. Clinical Outcomes and Future Directions of Endoscopic Cervical Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review With Narrative Insights.
期刊: Global spine journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
Study DesignSystematic Review.ObjectiveEndoscopic cervical spine surgery (ECSS) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery for certain cervical spine disorders. ECSS may offer potential advantages such as reduced tissue trauma, shorter hospital stays, and accelerated functional recovery. Technological advancements have further enhanced its feasibility. The purpose of this article is to review current ECSS approaches, systematically review ECSS for cervical stenosis, and explore future directions of ECSS.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched systematically until October 20, 2024, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We searched keywords associated with cervical stenosis, including “endoscopic cervical surgery”, “endoscopic cervical discectomy”, “endoscopic cervical foraminotomy”, “cervical endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression”, and “unilateral bilateral endoscopy”. We excluded duplicate publications, review articles, preprints, and studies without clinical outcomes or incomplete information. Clinical outcomes and complications were collected.ResultsA total of 12 studies were included with 2 studies being reported twice for having two different ECSS approaches. Each study reported postoperative improvement in clinical outcomes compared to preoperative measurements. The most common complications included dural tears, transient hypesthesia, and CSF leakage.ConclusionECSS is an emerging alternative for treating select cases of symptomatic cervical stenosis and other cervical conditions. Complications differed depending on the approach. Advancements in endoscopic instruments, navigational technologies, and artificial intelligence hold promise for improving preoperative planning, surgical precision, and patient outcomes. The true value of ECSS will require carefully conducted prospective, controlled studies with rigorous assessment of outcomes and complications.
43. Laminoplasty Versus Laminectomy and Fusion in the Treatment of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cost and Patient-Centered Outcomes in the United States.
期刊: Global spine journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
Study designSystematic review and meta-analysis.ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis compared cervical laminoplasty (LP) with laminectomy and fusion (LF) for the treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), focusing on healthcare costs and patient-centered outcomes.MethodsA systematic review of EMBASE and Medline (inception to September 2024) identified studies comparing LP and LF for multilevel DCM. Outcomes included return-to-work (RTW), direct treatment costs, and changes in pain and opioid use. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models to estimate pooled mean differences (MD) between treatment arms and mean per treatment for study outcomes. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsTwelve retrospective cohort studies (7581 patients; LP: 1,848, LF: 5733) met inclusion criteria. After appraising the included studies, we determined that 25% were of high quality, 67% were of moderate quality, and 8% were of low quality. LF had higher treatment costs ($74,772.8 USD, 95% CI $29,503.72-$120,041.88) than LP ($52,109.07 USD, 95% CI $12,234.14-$91,985.43), with an MD of -$21,620.69 USD (95% CI -$35,215 to -$8025.53, I2 = 95%). LF led to greater pain reduction (MD in VAS = 1.60, 95% CI 0.36-2.84, I2 = 63%). Opioid use was inconsistently reported, preventing meta-analysis. One study found higher RTW rates at 12 months for LP (88.9%) vs LF (64.3%).ConclusionLF incurred greater costs but provided superior pain relief. Significant heterogeneity and limited high-quality evidence highlight the need for further research on cost-effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes.
44. Motion Preserving Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Where Are We Now?
期刊: Global spine journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
45. Cervical Disc Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: What's the Evidence?
期刊: Global spine journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
Study DesignSystematic Literature Review.ObjectiveThe aim of this literature review is to examine the results of total disc arthroplasty in the setting of cervical myelopathy.MethodsA systematic review of the relevant literature examining the efficacy of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) in patients with cervical myelopathy was conducted using the Medline database.ResultsOur query identified 288 potentially relevant articles. After eliminating duplicate articles and screening by title and abstract 115 articles underwent full-text review. Of these, 15 were deemed relevant to the research questions posed. Evaluation of references identified 2 additional relevant articles.ConclusionEvaluation of outcomes measures, radiographic analysis, and failure due to implant related complications is equivalent in comparing CDA to Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF). From the literature available, the outcomes in patients undergoing cervical disc arthroplasty are at least equal to those of ACDF. The concern for persistent symptoms in patients treated with CDA due to the dynamic component on myelopathy is theoretic and not supported by the available literature.
46. Are Skip Laminectomy and Oblique Corpectomy Effective Options to Treat Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy While Preserving Motion? Results of a Scoping Review.
期刊: Global spine journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
Study DesignScoping Literature Review.ObjectiveThe aim of this literature review is to examine the results of both skip laminectomy and oblique corpectomy in the setting of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).MethodsA scoping review of the relevant literature examining the efficacy of cervical skip laminectomy and oblique corpectomy in patients with DCM was conducted using the Medline database. Our review strategy aimed at answering two research questions. #1: Do clinical outcomes differ between patients undergoing cervical laminoplasty vs skip laminectomy in the setting of myelopathy. #2: Which outcomes can oblique corpectomy provide, and how its related complication profile differs from other motion preserving procedures? What is the incidence of persistent myelopathy requiring reoperation following oblique corpectomy?ResultsOur query identified 43 potentially relevant articles. For questions 1, 3 were deemed relevant to the research question posed. For question 2, 6 articles were deemed relevant to the research question posed. Both cervical skip laminectomy and cervical oblique corpectomy are viable options for the treatment of DCM. Skip laminectomy compared to laminoplasty resulted in at least equivalent results in regard to functional outcomes and retained range of motion. Oblique corpectomy in appropriately indicated patients results in improved functional outcomes. It carries the unique increased risk of temporary and permanent Horner’s syndrome compared to other motion preserving cervical procedures.ConclusionAdditional well designed comparative studies are required to draw firm conclusions in the treatment of cervical myelopathy with these alternative motion preserving techniques.
47. Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Blood and Other Body Fluids Among Healthcare Workers in a South-Western Chinese Tertiary Hospital From 2018 to 2023: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.
期刊: Nursing open 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
Healthcare workers face significant occupational exposure risks from biological and non-biological hazards, with needlestick injuries being the most common hazard. This study aimed to assess the extent of occupational exposure among various healthcare workers. A descriptive cross-sectional study. This study was conducted from 2018 to 2023 in a south-western Chinese tertiary hospital. The data about occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids were collected, including characteristics of healthcare workers and source patients, characteristics of such exposure and circumstances leading to such exposure. There were 675 occupational exposure events from 2018 to 2023, predominantly involving female (78.81%) and individuals under 30 years old (62.81%). All of the individuals had received training (100.00%) and 58.52% had received vaccination against hepatitis B. The most common occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids was needlestick and sharps injuries (83.56%), with HBV being the primary disease associated with the exposure (22.96%). The incidence rate peaked in 2019 (60.38 per 1000 person-years) and declined thereafter, with medical students, cleaning staffs and nurses experiencing the highest rate of exposure. The majority of incidents occurred in hospital wards (50.07%) and operating rooms (18.52%), often involving fingers (76.30%), and happened during patient care (17.63%), needle withdrawal (17.19%), and surgery operation (14.37%). Despite the high number of exposures, no medical staff contracted diseases from such exposure over the 6-year period, as confirmed by a 6-month serological follow-up. The highest incidence rate was observed in 2019, followed by a decline. Medical students, cleaning staffs and nurses had the highest occupational exposure incidence rates. The majority of the exposures occurred in hospital wards and operating rooms, primarily on the fingers and were most commonly caused by syringe needles or scalp needles. These results highlight the need for continued vigilance and targeted interventions to reduce the risk of occupational exposure among these groups, particularly in locations where such exposures are most common.
48. Outcomes of Resected Cases of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients With Unexpected Postoperative Uncovering Noncurative Factors: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.
期刊: Annals of gastroenterological surgery 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed
摘要
We aimed to refine treatment strategies for resected cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in patients with unexpectedly uncovered postoperative noncurative factors while also evaluating the effectiveness of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological and follow-up data from 1068 PDAC patients who underwent surgical resection at 13 Kyushu Study Group institutions (January 2016-December 2020). Patients were categorized into two groups: without (Group A) or with (Group B) unexpected postoperative noncurative factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis assessed disease-free and overall survival, while univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model identified prognostic factors. Group B (n = 44) had poorer survival than Group A (n = 981) (16.8 vs. 38.6 months; p < 0.001). The noncurative factors were associated with poor disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.544; 95% confidence interval, 1.067-2.179; p = 0.022) but not overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.332; 95% confidence interval, 0.910-1.950; p = 0.140). In Group B, patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy had better disease-free survival (6.8 months vs. 3.4 months; p = 0.092), However, no significant difference was observed in overall survival. Furthermore, patients in Group B who received adjuvant chemotherapy had a worse prognosis compared to both Group A patients who received chemotherapy and those who did not. Preoperative therapy did not improve disease-free survival or overall survival in cases with postoperative noncurative factors. Cases with noncurative factors had significantly poorer prognoses than those without. In the present study, effective adjuvant chemotherapy for these patients could not be demonstrated. Therefore, thorough preoperative and intraoperative evaluation of noncurative factors is crucial to prevent futile surgery.
49. Translation, validity and reliability of the Turkish Chronic Illness Job Strain Scale (CIJSS) in people with inflammatory arthritis.
期刊: Rheumatology advances in practice 发表日期: 2026 链接: PubMed
摘要
This study aimed to adapt the Chronic Illness Job Strain Scale (CIJSS) into Turkish and evaluate its validity and reliability in individuals with rheumatologic conditions. The CIJSS was culturally adapted following Beaton’s protocol. Construct validity was assessed using Rasch analysis. Concurrent validity was examined through correlations with work-related [Work Limitation Questionnaire-Short Form (WLQ-SF), Rheumatoid Arthritis Work Instability Scale (RA-WIS), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment General Health V2.0 (WPAI-GH)] and health-related [Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease (RAID)] measures. Test-retest reliability was assessed 2 weeks later. The CIJSS demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.96) and excellent test-retest reliability (Spearman’s r = 0.886; ICC(2,1) = 0.88). The scale met Rasch model requirements for fit. Significant correlations were observed between the CIJSS total score and the WLQ total score (r = -0.61), WPAI scores (r = 0.19-0.47), HAQ (r = 0.33), and RAID (r = 0.61), supporting concurrent validity. The Turkish CIJSS is a valid, reliable, and culturally appropriate tool for assessing job strain in individuals with inflammatory arthritis. It can support both clinical assessment and vocational rehabilitation planning for Turkish-speaking populations.
50. Exploring Nursing Theory Conversance in Doctor of Nursing Practice Education.
期刊: ANS. Advances in nursing science 发表日期: 2025-Dec-31 链接: PubMed
摘要
A working knowledge of theory requires theory translation within and outside the nursing discipline to guide practice and inform generative epistemic nursing knowledge. However, theory focused content for application to practice is scarce in many Doctor of Nursing (DNP) education programs. Communication between faculty and students regarding the use of theory to guide practice is an important action that is not well understood. The terminology to describe this process is nursing theory conversance (NTC). However, NTC has not been defined within the literature. We provide a tentative definition of NTC and explore its importance in DNP education.
51. Work-related stress and reproductive health: mechanism of delayed childbearing among urban professional women.
期刊: African journal of reproductive health 发表日期: 2025-Dec-31 链接: PubMed
摘要
This study examines delayed childbearing, a growing reproductive health concern, among urban professional women in Hebei, China, where traditional family expectations intersect with intense workplace competition. It explores how women perceive childbearing under work pressure, how work-related stress shapes the postponement of births, and how support systems intervene in this process. This qualitative study, using a constructivist grounded theory approach, conducted in-depth interviews with 26 married professional women aged 28-40 working in enterprises, public institutions, and government agencies. Analysis identified four themes: workplace “ideal worker” norms, embodied work-related strain, insufficient multi-level support, and strategic postponement of childbearing. The study concludes that delayed childbearing among urban professional women is a rational response to overlapping pressures rather than weak fertility intentions, with potential consequences for reproductive health risks associated with advanced maternal age. It provides policy implications for building more fertility-friendly work environments and gender-equitable support systems and offers comparative insights into similar patterns of fertility postponement in other rapidly modernizing settings, including parts of Africa. Cette étude analyse le report de la maternité chez les femmes urbaines hautement qualifiées dans la province du Hebei, en Chine, un enjeu croissant de santé reproductive dans un contexte marqué par l’imbrication des attentes familiales traditionnelles et d’une forte concurrence professionnelle. Elle examine la manière dont ces femmes perçoivent la maternité sous contrainte professionnelle, l’influence des tensions liées au travail sur le report des naissances, ainsi que le rôle des dispositifs de soutien. S’appuyant sur une approche qualitative de théorie ancrée constructiviste, l’étude repose sur des entretiens approfondis menés auprès de 26 femmes mariées âgées de 28 à 40 ans, travaillant dans les entreprises, les institutions publiques et les administrations. Quatre thèmes principaux émergent : les normes professionnelles de « l’employé idéal », la corporéité du stress au travail, l’insuffisance des soutiens à plusieurs niveaux et le report stratégique de la maternité. Les résultats montrent que le report de la maternité ne traduit pas un affaiblissement des intentions reproductives, mais constitue une réponse rationnelle à des contraintes structurelles imbriquées, comportant des risques potentiels pour la santé reproductive liés à la maternité tardive. L’étude souligne enfin des implications en matière de politiques publiques en faveur d’environnements professionnels plus favorables à la maternité et de dispositifs de soutien plus équitables du point de vue du genre, tout en ouvrant des perspectives comparatives avec d’autres contextes de modernisation rapide, notamment en Afrique.
52. Dual-therapy CD34 antibody-covered sirolimus-eluting COMBO stents versus sirolimus-eluting Orsiro stents in percutaneous coronary intervention: five-year outcomes of the SORT OUT X randomised clinical trial.
期刊: EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology 发表日期: 2025-Dec-15 链接: PubMed
摘要
53. Investigating in vivo toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures on the development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos as a model for environmental impact.
期刊: Environmental toxicology and chemistry 发表日期: 2025-Dec-05 链接: PubMed
摘要
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals widely used as surfactants and repellents across industries such as textiles, personal care products, and nonstick cookware. In India, rapid industrialization and urbanization have increased PFAS usage, raising concerns about environmental contamination. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are persistent, bioaccumulative, and have been detected in multi-environmental matrices including humans. This widespread contamination poses health risks to millions through water and food chains. Because PFAS usually occur as complex mixtures, comprehensive toxicity assessments addressing mixtures rather than individual compounds are urgently needed. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an established model for rapid toxicity screening and provides predictive insights into human health risks. This study evaluates developmental effects of two PFAS mixtures on zebrafish embryos and larvae: a 2-compound mixture (2-mix) consisting of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, and a 24-compound mixture (24-mix) including long- and short-chain PFAS and their precursors. Developmental endpoints monitored were survival, hatching success, heart rate, and deformities. Morphometric analyses of head, eye, yolk sac, and pericardial areas were conducted with ImageJ. Oxidative stress was assessed via reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification, and histopathology evaluated tissue alterations. Results revealed significant developmental toxicity, with the 24-mix causing delayed hatching, growth inhibition, blood accumulation, and reduced heart rate, whereas the 2-mix showed milder effects. Elevated ROS levels indicated oxidative stress in both groups, and histopathology confirmed damage to the eye, brain, and muscles. These findings demonstrate that prolonged exposure to environmentally relevant PFAS concentrations can induce significant biological effects. This study provides critical insights into PFAS mixture toxicity, informing risk assessments and guiding regulatory policy development to protect public health.
54. Impact of shifting from routine use of ticagrelor to prasugrel in myocardial infarction patients after PCI: a nationwide cohort study.
期刊: EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology 发表日期: 2025-Nov-03 链接: PubMed
摘要
In 2020, the Danish national guidelines changed to recommend prasugrel over ticagrelor in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), prior to the 2023 update to the European guidelines. We aimed to assess whether the shift from routine use of ticagrelor to prasugrel was implemented on a national level and whether prasugrel was associated with lower rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and with similar bleeding rates compared to ticagrelor. This register-based cohort study identified MI patients treated with PCI from 2019 to 2022 using Danish nationwide registries. Patients without contraindications were included if they were alive and redeemed a prasugrel or ticagrelor prescription within 7 days from discharge. In total, 10,984 patients redeemed prasugrel (38.0%) or ticagrelor (62.0%). In 2019, >99% of patients were treated with ticagrelor. By 2022, 89% of patients were treated with prasugrel. Prasugrel-treated patients were younger, more often male, had ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) more frequently, and had fewer cardiovascular comorbidities than ticagrelor-treated patients. P2Y12 inhibitor adherence was high, and 4.3% of patients switched from prasugrel and 18.8% from ticagrelor. Prasugrel was associated with reduced 1-year rates of MACE (adjusted hazard ratio [adjHR] 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47-0.95) and MI (adjHR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.44-0.96) compared with ticagrelor, without differences in bleeding after adjustment. These findings were replicated in a propensity score-matched population, in patients aged ≥75 years, and in non-STEMI patients. A shift from ticagrelor to prasugrel occurred between 2019 and 2022 among real-world MI patients post-PCI. Prasugrel was associated with reduced rates of MACE and MI and with similar bleeding rates compared with ticagrelor, supporting current guideline recommendations.
55. Associations Between Perceived Neighbourhood Built Environment and the Maintenance of Regular Walking: A Role of Gender and Socioeconomic Status in a Cross-Sectional Study.
期刊: Nursing open 发表日期: 2025-Nov 链接: PubMed
摘要
Endorsing the maintenance of regular walking as a form of physical activity is a fundamental component of population-level health promotion strategies. Among various influencing factors, the neighbourhood-built environment has been recognised as a key determinant of individuals’ walking behaviour. However, evidence on the role of gender and socioeconomic status-both in the prevalence of walking maintenance and in its association with perceived neighbourhood environmental attributes-remains limited and may vary depending on contextual factors, such as metropolitan settings. To examine the prevalence of walking maintenance among Seoul citizens and explore the association between perceived neighbourhood environmental attributes and walking maintenance, stratified by gender and socioeconomic status. A cross-sectional study design. Data were collected from 2000 Seoul residents aged 18-69 years. Walking maintenance was defined as walking ≥ 30 min per day, ≥ 5 days per week, for at least 6 months. Neighbourhood environmental attributes were measured using the Physical Activity Neighbourhood Environment Scale. Analyses were stratified by gender and socioeconomic status. Women and individuals with lower socioeconomic status were less likely to maintain regular walking compared to their counterparts. Individuals with lower socioeconomic status-but not women-perceived their neighbourhood environmental attributes-particularly aesthetics, recreational facilities, safety and pedestrian/bicycling infrastructure-as less conducive to maintaining regular walking. Targeted improvements to neighbourhood environments may promote sustained walking, particularly among vulnerable populations, including women and individuals with lower socioeconomic status. These findings support nurse-led, environment-focused strategies to enhance long-term physical activity. Community health nurses should lead efforts to identify populations at risk of discontinuing regular walking and promote walking maintenance through environmental approaches and collaboration with urban planning initiatives that improve neighbourhood conditions. Such efforts may support sustained walking and contribute to reducing health disparities. No patient or public contribution.
56. Exploring the effect of digital hoarding in the workplace on employee work performance.
期刊: Frontiers in psychology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed
摘要
Academic viewpoints on the psychological impact of digital hoarding remain fragmented, and there is a lack of literature exploring the mechanism through which digital hoarding affects job performance in the workplace context. This research draws on three quantitative studies-a primary study (N = 211) and two robustness checks (N = 114; N = 259)-to examine the effects of digital hoarding in the workplace on employee work performance. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling, bootstrap procedures, and simple slope analysis. The findings show that digital hoarding in the workplace positively predicts job performance. Meanwhile, Job burnout exerts a negative mediating effect in this relationship, whereas thriving serves as a positive mediator. Besides, prevention focus significantly attenuates the positive association between digital hoarding and job performance, while the moderating role of promotion focus is not statistically significant. These results contribute meaningfully to both theory and practice by advancing our understanding of how digital hoarding interacts with individual emotional states and work outcomes. Furthermore, they offer actionable insights for promoting employee wellbeing through health-oriented media use practices and for enhancing organizational effectiveness via performance-driven media management strategies.
57. The ubiquitous sex differences in adolescent mental health: Do we overlook parts of a more complex puzzle?
期刊: Frontiers in psychology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed
摘要
This study investigates sex differences in three widely used mental health instruments: the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL)-5, and HSCL-10. The psychometric properties and differential item functioning (DIF) of the instruments were explored using measurement invariance tests and multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) models to more fully inspect potential indicator-level differences that may lead to bias. There were two adolescent samples in this study. One sample was in grade 8 (ages range: 13-14; 49% females), and the other was in grade 11 (age range: 16-17; 45% females). The results indicate (1) a dissimilar contribution of some indicators to their latent construct across sexes or a mean sex difference in indicators that are not captured by the construct, and (2) that several indicators of the instruments might be biased regarding sex. This study contributes to our knowledge of the complexity of sex differences in the measurement of adolescent mental health.
58. Correction: Validity and reliability of an protocol of the stomatognathic and postural system evaluation for patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study.
期刊: Frontiers in physiology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed
摘要
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1649593.].
59. Validity of the Leading Causes of Death Classification for Premature Mortality in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Comparison with ICD-10 Coding in Ontario, Canada.
期刊: Clinical epidemiology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed
摘要
Studying patterns of death, particularly premature deaths (<75 years), provides insights to address health inequities among those living. Multiple coding systems for cause of death (COD) exist. The Leading Causes of Death (LCD) scheme is designed for identifying priority COD for interventions in global populations. The extent to which such classification is effective for identifying priority causes of premature mortality among subpopulations with chronic health conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is unknown. To evaluate the usability of the LCD for characterizing premature mortality among those with IBD. We conducted a population-based matched case control study of persons with IBD who died between 2010 and 2018 using linked health administrative data from Ontario, Canada. Individuals with IBD were matched with five decedents without IBD based on sex and years of birth and death. We compared COD for premature and overall mortality using two classification structures: the LCD scheme and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, tenth revision (ICD-10) chapters. Among 7,919 decedents with IBD (39,414 matched controls), 47% died prematurely. With the LCD framework, COD differences for premature mortality were not detectable as 29% were allocated to the residual category (Standardized differences [SD]: 18%). Most residual deaths were due to neoplasms (34%) or diseases of the gastrointestinal system (32%). Using ICD-10 chapters, premature deaths were more commonly due to diseases of the digestive system than for matched controls (13% vs 5%, SD: 31%). The LCD coding scheme provides more granular COD details compared to the ICD-10 chapters. However, a larger proportion of deaths among people with IBD were allocated to the residual category, limiting its utility for enabling healthcare systems to identify priority targets to reduce premature mortality. Further work to develop and validate a framework for premature COD classification in populations with IBD is needed.