公共卫生研究摘要 (2026-01-29)

2026年01月29日

公共卫生研究摘要 (2026-01-29)

共收录 56 篇研究文章

1. In vivo CRISPR/Cas9 screens identify new regulators of B cell activation and plasma cell differentiation.

期刊: The Journal of experimental medicine 发表日期: 2026-Mar-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

Immune responses to pathogens lead to the generation of plasma cells through a complex interplay of B cells with their microenvironment in lymphoid organs. To identify new regulators of B cell activation and plasmablast differentiation in the context of the splenic microenvironment, we established an in vivo system for pooled sgRNA CRISPR/Cas9 screens in immunized mice. To improve the infection efficiency of naïve B cells, we generated Cd23-Cre Rosa26LSL-EcoR/+ mice exhibiting increased expression of the ecotropic lentivirus receptor EcoR on naïve B cells. Upon adoptive B cell transfer and immunization of recipient mice, 379 sgRNAs, targeting genes with high expression in plasma cells, were analyzed for their effects on plasmablast generation. Gene hits, encoding 23 positive and 18 negative regulators of B cell activation, plasmablast differentiation, or homeostasis, were uniquely identified in these in vivo screens. Validated genes encoded proteins involved in cell adhesion, signal transduction, protein folding, iron transport, and enzymatic processes. Hence, our in vivo screening system identified novel regulators controlling B cell-mediated immune responses.

2. The dynamic effects of a resilience-based intervention on mental health from baseline to 6-month follow-up among children affected by HIV: A network approach.

期刊: Applied psychology. Health and well-being 发表日期: 2026-Feb 链接: PubMed

摘要

Extensive research has established that children affected by HIV face significantly elevated risks for chronic mental health challenges. To address this critical need, we systematically developed the ChildCARE intervention to improve mental health outcomes. However, the potential mechanisms by which it dynamically reshapes psychological elements remain unclear. Using network analysis with data from 595 participants aged 6-17 years (mean age = 10.47) receiving the child intervention, we examined change patterns between well-being and psychological distress domains from baseline to 6-month follow-up. Network comparison revealed significant reorganization of psychological elements following the intervention. Notably, global network connectivity significantly inc,reased among children affected by HIV aged 11-17 years. Further Bayesian network analysis identified a shift in the primary driver from depressive symptoms at baseline to self-esteem as the key upstream predictor post-intervention. Moreover, the intervention integrated two interconnected yet segregated subnetworks into a unified directed architecture, reflecting a transition toward a stable mental health state. This study demonstrates that self-esteem, as a central indicator, can serve as the primary focus of interventions aimed at reconfiguring psychological networks. The findings suggest that targeting self-esteem systematically in mental health interventions could effectively promote recovery and resilience among disadvantaged children.

3. Validation of the 7-Item Quality of Life Disease-Specific Impact Scale in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study.

期刊: International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 发表日期: 2026-Feb 链接: PubMed

摘要

To validate, for the first time in patients with bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy, the recently developed 7-item Quality of Life Disease-specific Impact Scale (QDIS-7), a brief, unidimensional instrument designed for cross-condition comparisons. In this cross-sectional study conducted at 24 facilities, patients aged ≥ 20 years who were 3 months post-radical cystectomy for bladder cancer completed self-reported questionnaires. The enrollment period was from January 2020 to October 2022. Quality of life measures included the QDIS-7, the Bladder Cancer Index (BCI), and the Body Image Scale (BIS). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the hypothesized one-factor structure of the QDIS-7. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Criterion-based validity was evaluated using Spearman’s correlation coefficients (ρ) between the QDIS-7 scores and the BCI bother subdomains and BIS scores. In total, 205 patients (median age, 71 years; 78.5% male) were included. The QDIS-7 score showed no floor or ceiling effects. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor model (factor loadings, 0.71-0.94). Internal consistency reliability was high (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.94). The QDIS-7 score showed moderate correlations with the BIS and the BCI urinary and bowel bother subdomain scores (ρ = 0.654, -0.560, and -0.475, respectively). The QDIS-7 effectively captured urinary and bowel symptom burden and body image impairment in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Its brevity, strong psychometric properties, and capacity for comparisons across conditions support its use in patient-centered research. UMIN-CTR (UMIN000039538).

4. Obesity's mediation of age at first childbirth and hypertension-diabetes comorbidity in Chinese minority postmenopausal women.

期刊: Menopause (New York, N.Y.) 发表日期: 2026-Feb-01 链接: PubMed

摘要

This study explored the relationship between age at first childbirth and hypertension-diabetes comorbidity (HDC) risk in postmenopausal women, focusing on whether obesity metrics (BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and lipid accumulation product) mediate this association. Data were extracted from the baseline survey of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort study. The association between age at first childbirth and HDC was examined via logistic regression analysis. Then, the effect of obesity on the association between age at first childbirth and hypertension was determined via mediation analysis. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were conducted, followed by multivariable logistic regression modeling to assess the primary association. Included in this cross-sectional study were 5,741 postmenopausal women, with an average age at first childbirth of 23.56 years and current age of 59.44 years. The prevalence of hypertension-diabetes comorbidity (HDC) was 7.5% (429/5,741). Age at first childbirth was significantly associated with HDC prevalence (OR=0.737; 95% CI: 0.579-0.940). After adjustment, women who first gave birth at 21-25 (OR=0.739), 26-30 (OR=0.591), and >30 (OR=0.417) had lower HDC prevalence than those who first gave birth at ≤20 years. BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and lipid accumulation product mediated this association, with mediation proportions of 29.42%, 18.97%, and 21.52%, respectively. In postmenopausal women of minority Chinese descent, age at first childbirth is significantly associated with HDC. Obesity mediates the effect of age at first childbirth on the development of the HDC.

5. A National Danish Effectiveness Study of Ocrelizumab Versus Natalizumab in Multiple Sclerosis.

期刊: European journal of neurology 发表日期: 2026-Feb 链接: PubMed

摘要

Ocrelizumab and natalizumab are highly effective disease-modifying treatments for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Direct comparison of effectiveness is crucial for optimizing treatment decisions and improving patient outcomes. The aim was to compare any difference in effectiveness of ocrelizumab and natalizumab on disease activity and progression in RRMS. This was a national multicenter comparative effectiveness research study using data from the nationwide population-based registry of MS cases in Denmark. Patients were included from January 2018 to April 2023 with a history of RRMS treated with ocrelizumab or natalizumab. Inverse probability of treatment weighting based on propensity scores was applied. Main outcomes were the comparison of annualized relapse rate (ARR), time to first progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA), and time to first occurrence of new/enlarging T2 or contrast-enhancing lesions on cerebral MRI scans. We found no statistically significant differences in the ARR between ocrelizumab-treated (n = 542) and natalizumab-treated (n = 384) patients (mean [95% CI] ARR of 0.071 [0.057-0.088] and 0.071 [0.054-0.092], respectively) and in the ARR ratio (0.996, 95% CI [0.687-1.444], p = 0.983). Similarly, we did not find differences between the two groups in terms of time to first PIRA (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.88-2.02; p = 0.17) and time to first inflammatory activity in MRI scans (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.74-1.25; p = 0.78). The study could not demonstrate a difference in effectiveness of ocrelizumab and natalizumab treatment in this nationwide population-based registry study in risk of relapses, disability progression, and MRI activity.

6. Comparative efficacy of Nd:YAG laser peripheral iridotomy and surgical iridectomy in modulating perioperative subclinical inflammation after DMEK.

期刊: Acta ophthalmologica 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

To compare the effect of preoperative Nd:YAG laser peripheral iridotomy (PI) and intraoperative surgical iridectomy on subclinical inflammation before and after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), using validated anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) inflammatory biomarkers. Among 132 eyes eligible for analysis, this matched cohort study included 40 eyes (20 per group) undergoing DMEK for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. Patients received either a preoperative laser PI or intraoperative surgical iridectomy. Eyes were matched according to gender, age, presence of preoperative posterior stromal ripples, baseline visual acuity and corneal thickness. Pre- and post-operative inflammation was quantified using AS-OCT measured aqueous-to-air relative intensity (ARI) and anterior chamber (AC) cell reflectivity. Post-operative trends in subclinical inflammation were compared using generalized additive models (GAM). Visual, pachymetric and endothelial outcomes, as well as post-operative complications, were compared. The laser PI group showed greater baseline ARI (p < 0.001) consistent with higher preoperative subclinical inflammation, while surgical iridectomy eyes exhibited greater cell counts after DMEK and at final follow-up (both p = 0.05). Post-operative inflammatory spikes resolved by 6-8 weeks, with faster normalization and lower peak values in the laser PI group. Visual acuity improvement, central corneal thickness reduction, endothelial cell loss and complication rates were comparable. Preoperative laser PI was associated with lower early post-operative subclinical inflammation compared with intraoperative surgical iridectomy, without compromising visual or endothelial outcomes. These findings suggest that a less invasive PI approach may mitigate early post-operative immune activation, promoting smoother AC homeostasis after DMEK.

7. A Retrospective National Cohort Study of Trends in Mechanical Ventilation Among Veterans Living With Dementia, 2010-2019.

期刊: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Despite longstanding concern about an increase in use of invasive mechanical ventilation among persons living with dementia (PLWD), no studies have examined trends in mechanical ventilation use among PLWD in Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities. In this study, we aimed to (1) identify recent trends in use of mechanical ventilation among Veteran PLWD and (2) assess mortality trends of those who received mechanical ventilation. In this retrospective national cohort study of all VA medical hospitalizations of Veteran PLWD ≥ 65 years from 2010 to 2019, we used data from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse and defined dementia using a VA-sanctioned list of dementia diagnosis codes. We calculated the percentage of hospitalizations with mechanical ventilation use during the study period and used linear regression to determine a temporal trend. We calculated in-hospital and one-year mortality for hospitalizations of Veteran PLWD involving mechanical ventilation and used linear regression (predictor: time; outcome: mortality) to describe mortality trends. Our cohort included 702,989 hospitalizations at 126 VA medical centers involving 251,545 unique Veteran PLWD. Hospitalized Veteran PLWD were 97.9% male, 89.7% non-Hispanic/Latino, and 72.7% White. Mechanical ventilation use decreased from 1.7% of hospitalizations in 2010 to 1.1% in 2019. Annual in-hospital mortality among those PLWD who received mechanical ventilation decreased from 45.9% in 2010 to 38.0% in 2019 and one-year mortality decreased from 73.4% in 2010 to 70.2% in 2018. The use of mechanical ventilation in hospitalizations of Veteran PLWD was lower than seen in non-VA facilities and decreased from 2010 to 2019. Among hospitalized Veteran PLWD who received mechanical ventilation, in-hospital and one-year mortality remained high throughout the study period but decreased over time. These descriptive mortality decreases may be attributable to patient selection or improved mechanical ventilation practices. Further research should examine patient- and system-level factors to explain observed trends.

8. US State-Level Prevalence of Adult Obesity by Race and Ethnicity From 1990 to 2022 and Forecasted to 2035.

期刊: JAMA 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

The prevalence of obesity in the US has risen steeply over the past decades, representing a large public health burden with substantial variation by population. There is a lack of detailed population-level estimates and projections of obesity necessary for informing health policy and reducing disparities. To estimate US obesity prevalence from 1990 to 2022 and predict trends through 2035 by race and ethnicity, state, sex, and age (≥20 years). Analysis of measured body mass index data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and bias-corrected body mass index values calculated from self-reported height and weight data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Gallup Daily Survey using spatiotemporal gaussian process regression and an ensemble of annualized rate of change and meta-regression bayesian spline models. Surveys for input data were conducted using population-based sampling by state and by race and ethnicity group with a total of 11 315 421 US participants. Results are reported for Hispanic, any race; non-Hispanic Black; and non-Hispanic White populations. Obesity prevalence (BMI ≥30). In 2022, there were an estimated 107 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 101-113) million adults living with obesity in the US (42.5% [95% UI, 40.2%-45.0%] of the adult population), an increase from 34.7 (95% UI, 31.1-38.3) million in 1990 (19.3% [95% UI, 17.3%-21.3%] of the adult population). By 2035, this is projected to increase to 126 (95% UI, 118-134) million (46.9% [95% UI, 43.9%-49.9%] of the adult population). Nationally, age-standardized prevalence by race and ethnicity group and sex in 2022 ranged from 40.1% (95% UI, 37.8%-42.5%) for non-Hispanic White males to 56.9% (95% UI, 54.1%-59.9%) for non-Hispanic Black females. There were substantial state-level differences, with prevalence highest in Midwestern and Southern states, as well as within-state disparities by race and ethnicity, which were larger for females than males. Prevalence also varied by age, with obesity prevalence highest among middle-aged adults and large increases in the youngest adult ages, especially for females. While there are large differences by race and ethnicity, sex, age, and state, the prevalence of obesity is high and forecasted to continue increasing for all groups.

9. National and State Societal Costs of Schizophrenia in the US in 2024.

期刊: JAMA psychiatry 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Schizophrenia imposes a substantial burden on individuals and society. Population-specific cost estimates are essential to inform evidence-based policy, allocate resources, and support recovery-focused care that improves outcomes. To estimate national and state-level burden of schizophrenia to inform population-specific care and services in the US in 2024. This was an observational prevalence-based cost-of-illness model estimating total excess direct medical, direct nonmedical, and indirect costs of schizophrenia by combining inputs from a targeted literature review and an analysis of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data, adjusted to 2024 US dollars. The setting included independent households, supportive housing, long-term care and skilled nursing facilities, unhoused settings, and prisons and jails. Disease-related costs were estimated for adults living with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Health care, supportive housing, homelessness, social security disability benefits, justice system, employment, productivity, quality of life, mortality, and caregiver impact across settings of care. Prevalence-based national and state cost of schizophrenia by category or sector. The societal cost of schizophrenia in 2024 was estimated at $366.8 billion in the US for 3 070 739 adults (1.17%) across all settings (68.4% independent households, 18.6% supportive housing, 5.0% long-term care or skilled nursing facility, 4.7% incarcerated, 3.3% unhoused). Direct costs ($75.0 billion) were attributable to health care ($36.7 billion), supportive housing and homelessness ($35.2 billion), justice system interactions ($11.9 billion), and social security disability benefits ($5.1 billion). Indirect costs ($291.8 billion) resulted from lost wages ($55.4 billion) and reduced quality of life ($41.4 billion) and life expectancy ($47.5 billion). Indirect costs for caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia included unpaid wages for time providing care ($104.6 billion) and impact on caregiver health, productivity, and out-of-pocket costs ($60.5 billion). Per-person costs of schizophrenia were estimated at $119 436 nationally in 2024. State-level per-person costs ranged from $110 975 in Utah to $126 225 in Alaska. In 2024, the national and state-level costs of schizophrenia in the US estimated from a societal perspective suggest a substantial burden of disease on individuals, families, and society. These findings provide an important framework to guide prevention, care, and management strategies to reduce costs and improve public health outcomes.

10. Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medication Eligibility Across National Survey, Community-Based, and Ambulatory Healthcare Samples.

期刊: JAMA cardiology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

The prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome continues to rise. Indications for novel CKM therapies, including glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid antagonists (nsMRAs) continue to expand, yet the proportion of adults meeting expanded indications, including for multiple medications remains unclear. To examine proportion of adults meeting US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved indications for GLP1-RAs, SGLT2is, and nsMRAs across national survey, community-based, and ambulatory health care samples. This study used a representative cross-sectional survey of US adults (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES], weighted 245 million; mean [SD] age, 47 [18] years; 126.8 million [52%] female), 5 pooled community-based cohort studies (the Framingham Heart Study, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, the Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease Study, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, and the Cardiovascular Health Study; n = 30 929; mean [SD] age, 63 [14] years; 16 749 [54%] female), and 2 ambulatory health care samples (the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center cohort [BIDMC], n = 84 714; mean [SD] age, 46 [17] years; 51 113 [60%] female] and the Mass General Brigham cohort [MGB], n = 362 485; mean [SD] age, 48 [17] years; 227 206 [61%] female). Data were analyzed from November 2024 to November 2025. FDA-approved indications for GLP-1RAs, SGLT2is, and nsMRAs. Medication class eligibility within each study sample. The proportion of individuals who met current FDA-approved indications for 1 or more CKM medication was 60% in NHANES (representing 148 million US adults), 61% in the pooled cohorts, 42% in the BIDMC ambulatory cohort, and 46% in the MGB ambulatory cohort. Eligibility for GLP-1RA therapy was most common, with 56% (representing 137.1 million US adults) in NHANES, 49% in the pooled cohorts, 41% in the BIDMC cohort, and 46% in the MGB cohort. This was followed by SGLT2i therapy (24% [57.9 million] in NHANES, 33% in the pooled cohorts, 14% for both BIDMC and MGB) and nsMRA (5% [11.7 million] in NHANES, 5% in the pooled cohorts, and 1% to 2% in ambulatory samples). Overlapping eligibility for multiple classes was common, with 12% to 17% for GLP1-RA and SGLT2i therapies and 1% to 5% for all 3 classes (an estimated 11.7 million US adults in NHANES). This study found that up to 61% of adults met FDA-approved indications for at least 1 of 3 novel CKM therapy classes. This represents an estimated 148 million US adults, including 11.7 million US adults with potential FDA indications for triple therapy, highlighting the urgent need to optimize implementation and utilization of CKM syndrome therapies.

11. Incidence Trends of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Carcinoma In Situ, and Keratoacanthoma By Sex, Age, and Anatomical Site.

期刊: JAMA dermatology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), cSCC in situ (CIS), and keratoacanthoma (KA) pose growing public health challenges, due to their associated morbidity, health care burden and costs. However, many countries lack systematic registration of these extremely frequent keratinocyte neoplasms. To estimate incidence rates and trends of first-time, histologically confirmed cSCC, CIS, and KA in Denmark (2005-2023) by sex, age, and anatomical site. A nationwide, population-based study using data from the Danish Pathology Registry and Cancer Registry was conducted, including individuals 20 years or older receiving a first-time diagnosis of cSCC, CIS, or KA from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2023. Data analyses were conducted from January to July 2025. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) as well as age-specific incidence rates per 100 000 person-years with corresponding estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) and 95% CIs were calculated. A total of 109 787 histologically confirmed cases were identified in 95 352 unique individuals (55 891 male individuals [50.9%], 53 896 female individuals [49.1%]) 20 years or older in Denmark, receiving a first-time diagnosis of cSCC (n = 54 563), CIS (n = 31 712), or KA (n = 23 512). From 2005 to 2023, cSCC ASIRs increased (EAPC for male individuals, 2.6%; EAPC for female individuals, 3.1%), reaching 131.6 and 77.7 per 100 000 person-years in male individuals and female individuals, respectively. CIS increased markedly (EAPC, for male individuals, 6.4%; EAPC for female individuals, 5.8%), and KA declined. Stratified analyses showed distinct sex-specific anatomic patterns. Predilection sites for cSCC and CIS were the face, scalp, and neck, with particular predominance among male individuals. Female individuals exhibited higher ASIRs on the lower limbs compared with male individuals (male vs female individuals: cSCC, 7.63 vs 12.32 per 100 000; CIS, 6.21 vs 12.63 per 100 000; KA, 3.47 vs 7.20 per 100 000, respectively). KA primarily affected the extremities. Female individuals aged 40 to 59 years showed higher incidence rates than male individuals across all keratinocyte neoplasms (male vs female individuals: cSCC, 131.6 vs. 77.7 per 100 000; CIS, 89.4 vs. 78.6 per 100 000; KA 28.6 vs. 27.6 per 100 000, respectively). Trends among individuals younger than 50 years with cSCC and KA were stable. In this nationwide cohort study presenting the most comprehensive dataset of incident cSCC, CIS, and KA, with 109 787 histologically confirmed patient cases, covering nearly 2 decades and spanning across all Danish health care sectors, incidence of cSCC and CIS continued to rise, consequently affecting more people, and sex differences diminished. Stabilizing trends in individuals younger than 50 years may indicate early prevention effects. Findings of this study have the potential to influence future surveillance activities and clinical care through attention to sex, age, and anatomical site.

12. Genetic and Phenotypic Associations With Sustained Antidepressant Use in Major Depressive Disorder.

期刊: JAMA psychiatry 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Antidepressant treatment remains a trial-and-error process: one-third of people with major depressive disorder (MDD) report inefficacy of first-line medications. Predictors of prescription patterns are needed to improve prescribing precision. To investigate phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of MDD subgroups defined by antidepressant prescription patterns. This was a retrospective cohort study of Australian Genetics of Depression Study (2017-2018) adult participants (aged ≥18 years) with lifetime MDD who filled 1 or more prescriptions of the 10 most commonly used antidepressants across 4.5 years (2013-2017). Data were analyzed from August 2024 to October 2025. Treatment complexity was assessed as number of different antidepressant classes in prescriptions filled in 4.5 years. Sustained-use 360 groups were defined as 360 or more cumulative days (in 4.5 years) of a single antidepressant. Participants with genome-wide genotypes were contrasted across mutually exclusive sustained-use 360 groups. Associations of 44 self-reported phenotypes and polygenic scores (PGSs) for 15 traits with sustained-use 360 subgroups. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were conducted for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or SSRI/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor sustained use contrasted to other participants. Of 12 074 participants (9041 [75%] female with a mean [SD] age of 41.8 [14.6] years; 3022 [25%] male with a mean [SD] age of 47.7 [14.6] years) with 1 or more prescriptions and lifetime MDD, 8898 had genotyping data. High treatment complexity was significantly associated with 37 of 44 self-reported phenotypes (eg, higher rates of smoking, recurrent MDD, suicidal ideation, chronic pain, and circadian and atypical depression subtypes) and higher PGSs for psychiatric traits (MDD PGS: β, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.03-0.06; P = 1.2 × 10-8; ADHD PGS: β, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.02-0.05; P = 2.1 × 10-5 ; bipolar disorder PGS: β, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.04. P = 1.2 × 10-4 ; neuroticism PGS: β, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01-0.04; P = 1.3 × 10-3). A total of 5453 (61%) met criteria for an exclusive antidepressant sustained-use 360 group. These groups had distinct phenotypic profiles, including associations with body mass index, suicidal ideation, and co-occurring conditions. GWASs identified novel loci, including an immune-related gene SLAMF3/LY9, for which single-nucleotide variant rs4656934 was associated with reduced odds of sustained SSRI use (G allele; odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.75-0.87; P = 3.5 × 10-8). This study found that phenotypic factors were associated with sustained antidepressant use and treatment complexity. PGSs for traits studied were associated with treatment complexity but showed little association with sustained-use 360 groups. These findings support further research to guide treatment selection and to identify patients at risk of difficult-to-treat depression, informing precision psychiatry and early intervention in MDD.

13. Urine Proteomics Identifies Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Fibrosis Severity in Pediatric Chronic Pancreatitis.

期刊: Clinical and translational gastroenterology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic fibrosis severity are lacking, hindering effective treatment and management. Histologic fibrosis is a hallmark of late-stage CP, but non-invasive methods to evaluate fibrosis progression are limited. We utilized urine proteomics to discover biomarkers that identify patients with CP and predict fibrosis severity. We performed a cross-sectional study of 130 total subjects (CP n=50) selected based on clinical criteria in a tertiary care setting. Urine proteomics samples were quantified using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. Differential biomarker candidates were identified with false discovery rate (FDR) corrected pairwise comparisons. These proteins were validated with an independent paired urine and plasma sample cohort (n=36). Machine learning was used to develop a protein panel that predicted Ammann scores for patients with histologic fibrosis. We found 34 proteins consistently differentially expressed between CP and controls in pairwise FDR-controlled tests. Of these, 25 urine proteins outperformed 19 previously suggested CP blood-based biomarkers in an independent validation cohort. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (1DH1), Calcyphosin (CAPS), Synuclein Gamma (SNCG), and Protein S100-P (S100P) all produced receiver operator curve area under the curve (ROC-AUC) values >0.95, while the best plasma marker was Interleukin 2 Receptor Subunit Alpha (IL2RA, ROC-AUC=0.80). A twelve-protein panel of identified markers predicted fibrosis severity with a linear correlation R2 value of 0.61. We identified a panel of proteins that may diagnose CP in children and developed a model to predict pancreatic fibrosis severity, offering promising tools for improving diagnostics and patient care.

14. America's Vaccine Policy Whiplash-Reply.

期刊: JAMA 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

15. Parenting Stress, Family Resilience, and Emotional Support Among US Military Families.

期刊: Maternal and child health journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Military families experience lifestyle and circumstance-specific stressors that may impact their parental stress, family resilience, and emotional support for parenthood. These outcomes may influence parenting behaviors and mental health that have further implications on child development and growth. Research is needed to examine these outcomes among military families in the United States on a national scale due to the importance of potential intergenerational implications. This cross-sectional study used data from the 2021-2022 National Survey of Children’s Health to investigate the relationship between caregiver military status and outcomes of parental stress, family resilience, and emotional support for parenthood (n = 99,869). Bivariate analyses through chi-square tests were calculated to determine differences between outcomes from military caregivers and civilian caregivers with select covariates. Multivariable regression analyses were calculated to further explore the relationship between caregiver military status and emotional support for parenthood. The prevalence of emotional support with parenthood was higher among military caregivers compared to civilian caregivers (82.8% vs. 75.0%, p < 0.0001); however, this difference was not statistically significant in adjusted analyses. No statistically significant differences were found between military families and civilian families in parenting stress and family resilience. This study extended previous research that have focused on state or station specific outcomes in military families by examining these outcomes on a national scale. This study has important implications towards expanding research and interventions that reduce parenting stress and improve family resilience and emotional support for parenthood to ensure continued positive outcomes.

16. Sexual Risk Behaviors and Current Substance Use Among Sexually Active Adolescents in the United States: Differences by Sex, Race, and Sexual Identity.

期刊: Journal of prevention (2022) 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Substance use and high-risk sexual behaviors remain pressing public health challenges among U.S. adolescents, with tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana being the most used substances. While previous research has shown an association between substance use and risky sexual behavior, there is limited data on how these associations vary based on demographic modifiers such as race, sex, and sexual identity among sexually active adolescents. This study explores the association between current substance use (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana) and high-risk sexual behaviors (having multiple sexual partners and lack of condom use), examining how these associations vary by race, sex, and sexual identity. The 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) data was analyzed for 5420 adolescents attending U.S. public and private high schools. Multiple Logistic regression was used to examine associations, and interaction effects for race, sex, and sexual identity were introduced to the model to determine variations in associations. Overall adjusted analyses revealed current use of cigarette, e-cigarette, and alcohol was associated with higher likelihood of having multiple (2 or more) sexual partners in the past 3 months. Additionally, current marijuana use was associated with a higher likelihood of not using a condom during last sexual intercourse. A statistically significant interaction was observed only for the association between current marijuana use and condomless sex during last sexual intercourse (p = 0.010). Stratified analyses indicated that this association varied by sexual identity and was stronger among heterosexual students compared to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Queer, and other (LGBQ+) students. Results confirm the link between substance use and high-risk sexual behavior among youth, reinforcing our need for increased programming around substance use prevention and sexual health education. Heterosexual youth may be at increased risk for high-risk sexual behavior associated with their marijuana use, calling for tailored interventions that target the unique needs of this demographic subgroup.

17. Scoping review of preventive interventions for postpartum depression to inform policy and planning.

期刊: Discover mental health 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

18. Project Detroit: Voices for Life - The Power of Storytelling in Reducing Maternal Mortality: Amplifying Voices. Changing Lives.

期刊: Maternal and child health journal 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

The purpose of this paper is to describe the design and implementation of the storytelling component of a multiprong, community-based project that shares the lived experience of Black and Brown women’s birthing journey to reduce maternal mortality. Beginning 2021, the Southeast Michigan Perinatal Quality Improvement Coalition (SEMPQIC) worked with community perinatal care providers to administer a multiprong project to reduce maternal mortality in Detroit. The goal of the project was to build upon existing community assets to examine and replicate circumstances and conditions where Black mothers thrive. This article will focus on one component of this four-part effort that included production of storytelling videos of the birthing journey by Black and Brown women. A partnership with SEMPQIC and trusted, established community perinatal service providers was the operational foundation to identify 110 perinatal women from Detroit, willing to engage in storytelling training to tell their unique birthing journey story. 22 videos were professionally produced for use in Detroit to offer the lived experience of the current perinatal system of care. The engagement of the women for storytelling led to the development of a broader campaign and tool kit about maternal health called Our Voices Our Births: Hear Us! - Detroit Mothers Speak. SEMPQIC works to reduce maternal mortality and improve the perinatal care system through promotion of racial health equity, using community collaboration for collective impact. This storytelling initiative demonstrates the transformative power of storytelling in addressing the maternal mortality crisis.

19. Biomimetic Membrane Interface Technologies for Detection and Isolation of CTCs and EVs: Advances and Opportunities in Liquid Biopsy.

期刊: Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Biomimetic membrane interface engineering constructs functionalized detection platforms by incorporating natural cell membranes, synthetic lipids, or hybrid membranes. The primary purpose of this strategy is to minimize background interference while leveraging intrinsic membrane properties for effective target interaction. Applications are diverse, ranging from the high-purity separation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to the efficient isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs), as well as the subsequent detection of EV-derived contents (e.g., miRNA, protein, and mRNA) via membrane fusion mechanisms. Conceptually, this approach serves as a robust bridge between synthetic materials and biological systems. Its major advantages lie in the significant reduction of non-specific binding and the unique capability to facilitate both target capture and internal cargo analysis. However, challenges such as complex preparation processes, stability issues, and the dependence on functional modifications to address significant tumor heterogeneity remain to be resolved. This review summarizes recent progress, analyzes these critical issues, and outlines future directions.

20. Systemic recommendations on the promotion of HPV vaccinations based on international social marketing campaigns.

期刊: Ginekologia polska 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Cervical cancer is considered one of the most common cancers leading to deaths among women worldwide. It is caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is transmitted mainly through sexual contact. HPV vaccination is regarded as an efficient tool in reducing the incidence of cervical cancer. However, despite the effectiveness of vaccines and implementation of vaccination programs, many countries face challenges with unsatisfactory vaccination rates, which may result from limited public trust or insufficient knowledge. Social marketing campaigns are implemented in many countries to promote HPV vaccination as a part of cervical cancer prevention. Despite being relatively new, social marketing is used to encourage a transformation in attitudes and behaviors towards those beneficial for health. The objective of this study is to determine the application of social marketing in the prevention of cervical cancer caused by HPV infection worldwide and to analyze selected social marketing campaigns conducted in various countries (Australia, Japan, Denmark, the United States of America, Peru, and Nigeria). As indicated by the analysis, social marketing tools are more advanced in developed countries that dispose of a greater number of organizations compared to developing countries. While some campaigns focused solely on the topic of HPV vaccination, others expanded their scope to include additional preventive measures. The most frequently used distribution channel was the Internet. Nevertheless, social marketing tools are still not being fully used in the prevention of cervical cancer, particularly that caused by HPV infection. There remains room for improvement on this topic worldwide.

21. Exploring the Dynamics of Ischemia and Reactive Hyperemia With Skeletal Muscle Blood Oxygen Level Dependent MRI in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Age-Matched Controls, and Young Healthy Subjects.

期刊: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Skeletal muscle blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) MRI is a technique for assessing vascular function in peripheral limbs. In patients, however, an increased frequency of atypical response patterns has been observed, warranting investigation into its underlying causes. To explore the dynamics of cuff-induced ischemia and reactive hyperemia with BOLD MRI, focusing on the occurrence, quantification, and interpretation of frequent atypical cuff-induced response patterns. Secondary assessment of prospectively collected datasets. Seventeen peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients (age: 64-80 years, ankle-brachial index (ABI) range: 0.4-0.8), 8 age-matched controls (age: 64-82 years, ABI range: 1-1.2), and 14 young controls (age: 22-39 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: T 2 * \({T}_2^{\ast }\) -weighted multi-echo gradient-echo sequence with 11 equidistant echo-times at 3T. A transverse slice of the calf was imaged repeatedly during an upper-thigh cuff compression cycle consisting of 1-min baseline, 5-min arterial occlusion (cuff inflated) and 5-min reactive hyperemia (cuff deflated). T 2 * \({T}_2^{\ast }\) -mapping with ROI-wise analysis of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles produced T 2 * \({\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast }\) -time curves and previously established metrics, including the hyperemic upslope ( HS up \({\mathrm{HS}}_{\mathrm{up}}\operatorname{}\) ) and time-to-peak (TTP) were assessed. The time-curves were surveyed to identify the frequency and type of deviations from expected. T 2 * \({\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast }\) -time curves of soleus were further analyzed by fitting a parameterized function to derive additional metrics including depth of the undershoot on cuff release and deviation from a monotonic T2* decrease. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) served as a clinical reference for comparisons. Non-parametric 2-tailed Wilcoxon rank-sum tests to assess differences between patients and age-matched controls. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Atypical cuff-induced response patterns in PAD patients included a negative cuff-induced transient (42%, soleus) and non-monotonic declines in T 2 * \({T}_2^{\ast }\) during cuffing (58%, soleus). While these contributed to increased variabilities in patients, there were significant differences in HS up \(\mathrm{there}\ \mathrm{were}\ \mathrm{significant}\ \mathrm{differences}\ \mathrm{in}\ {\mathrm{HS}}_{\mathrm{up}}\) (-0.63 ms/s) and TTP (62.8 s) between patients and age-matched controls. HSup and TTP provided means to quantify calf muscle responses to cuffing. Specific cases of non-monotonous T 2 * \({T}_2^{\ast }\) decrease during cuffing suggest the detection of venous valve leakages in inter-muscular veins. Insufficient cuff pressure produced curves with absent ischemic plateau and weak hyperemic responses, the recognition of which is important to prevent physiological misinterpretations of T 2 * - time \({\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast }-\mathrm{time}\) curves and derived metrics. 1. 3. Peripheral artery disease limits blood flow to the legs, affecting muscle function. This study used an MRI technique sensitive to blood oxygen levels to examine calf muscle responses when blood flow was briefly blocked and restored. Data from 17 patients, 8 older healthy adults, and 14 young participants were analyzed visually and semi‐quantitatively. Patients often showed atypical recovery patterns, including cases of incomplete occlusion. The early recovery phase after reperfusion best distinguished patients, with peak response occurring about 60 s later than in controls. These findings suggest this MRI method could be a useful, non‐invasive tool for assessing muscle perfusion.

22. Author Disclosure of Use of AI in Submissions to 13 JAMA Network Journals.

期刊: JAMA 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

This study examines author self-reported disclosures of use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the preparation of manuscripts submitted to JAMA Network journals since implementation of a requirement of disclosure in 2023.

23. Liver-specific phenotypic aging, behavior and genetic risks, and long-term liver-related outcomes.

期刊: GeroScience 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Phenotypic age, an aging indicator derived from clinical biomarkers, is associated with morbidities and mortality. However, a liver-specific phenotypic aging indicator is still lacking, and its longitudinal associations with liver-related outcomes, as well as the underlying biological mechanisms, remain elusive. We developed a liver-specific phenotypic age using 11 selected clinical blood markers within the England-White cohort of the UK Biobank and validated this metric in both the Scotland-Wales cohort and Non-White-British cohort. We calculated phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) and examined its association with long-term liver-related outcomes. We also explored the extent to which liver-specific PhenoAgeAccel mediated the impact of modifiable risk behaviors on liver-related outcomes. The metabolic and proteomic signatures of liver-specific PhenoAgeAccel were subsequently characterized. Liver-specific PhenoAgeAccel was significantly associated with a 1.23- to 2.97-fold increased risks of all-cause mortality and liver-related events. The impact of liver-specific PhenoAgeAccel on liver outcomes were more pronounced in males and in individuals with high genetic risk compared to their respective counterparts, and was stronger than that observed with systemic PhenoAgeAccel. Approximately 10-27% of the associations between risk behaviors and liver-related outcomes were mediated by liver-specific PhenoAgeAccel. Proteomic analysis identified 211 proteins associated with both liver-specific PhenoAgeAccel and liver-related outcomes, of which 22 (e.g., AGXT and SULT2A1) were liver-enriched and significantly mediated this relationship. Liver-specific PhenoAgeAccel is a strong predictor of liver-related outcomes, partially mediates the impact of modifiable behaviors, and is linked to liver-enriched proteins. This accessible tool may enhance risk stratification and support preventive strategies targeting liver health and aging.

24. Characterization and antibacterial activity of a Bacteriocin-like Inhibitory Substance (BLIS) produced by Levilactobacillus brevis.

期刊: Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

25. Raman Spectroscopic Profiling of Cell Death Induced by Cytotoxic Copper(II), Manganese(II) and Silver(I) complexes containing dicarboxylate and 1,10-Phenanthroline ligands: Novel insights into in vitro mechanisms.

期刊: Metallomics : integrated biometal science 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Raman spectroscopy is a label-free, chemically selective technique increasingly employed to probe intracellular biochemical changes associated with drug exposure. Herein, Raman microspectroscopy was applied to evaluate the in vitro responses of MCF-7 (cancerous) and MCF-12A (non-cancerous) breast cells to a series of cytotoxic copper(II) (Cu(II), manganese(II) (Mn(II) and silver(I) (Ag(I) complexes containing dicarboxylate and 1,10-phenathroline ligands. Their spectral responses were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), establishing distinct molecular fingerprints for each metal complex, reflecting divergent mechanisms of action (MOA). The Cu(II) complexes produced signatures consistent with canonical apoptosis, including reduced DNA backbone vibrations at ∼785 cm⁻¹ and protein conformational changes at ∼1660 cm⁻¹. The Mn(II) complexes demonstrated features of oxidative stress (∼1450 and 1180 and cm⁻¹) and spectral features associated with autophagy (∼718 cm⁻¹), in addition to signatures of an apoptotic response like those observed by the Cu(II) analogues, supporting a multimodal mechanism. In contrast, Ag(I) complexes elicited distinct biochemical alterations suggestive of non-canonical pathways, including markers linked to cholesterol metabolism at ∼703 cm⁻¹ and steroid-related activity indicated by multiple features > 1600 cm⁻¹. These spectral distinctions shed light on the role of the different types of metal centres in modulating downstream cellular responses and underscore Raman spectroscopy’s utility in resolving subtle yet functionally relevant biochemical differences across this series of complexes. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the MOAs of this class of complex and support the broader application of Raman spectroscopy to inform future design and evaluation of metal-based cytotoxic agents.

26. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation raises plasma levels without improving mitochondrial function in older adults.

期刊: GeroScience 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Mitochondrial function is important to healthy aging, as it influences energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and physical performance. With age, mitochondrial function and biosynthesis of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) may change. CoQ10 serves as a key antioxidant and component of the electron transport system. Supplementation with CoQ10 may help preserve mitochondrial function and support healthy aging. Forty older community-dwelling adults (74 ± 4 years) received either daily oral CoQ10 supplementation (400 mg daily) or a placebo in a 12-week double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled design. Before and after the supplementation period, muscle biopsies were obtained. Subsequently, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and VO2max tests were conducted. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity (MRC), mitochondrial H2O2 emission, and mitochondrial content were assessed in both isolated mitochondria and permeabilized muscle fibers. Levels and redox status of CoQ10 were measured in plasma, muscle tissue, and isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria. Additionally, resting metabolic rate, cognitive function, and body composition were investigated. Plasma levels of CoQ10 increased significantly without changes in redox status after the intervention. No changes between groups or time were observed in muscle and isolated mitochondria regarding MRC, H2O2 emission, mitochondrial content, and levels of CoQ10. Glucose homeostasis, VO2max, and body composition were also unchanged. Twelve weeks of supplementation led to increased plasma levels of CoQ10, with unchanged levels in muscle tissue and isolated mitochondria. No differences in mitochondrial function, glucose homeostasis, and physical performance were found in a cohort of robust older adults.

27. Microbially-mediated biogenic Fe-Mn oxides for cadmium removal from aqueous solutions: characteristics and mechanisms.

期刊: Environmental geochemistry and health 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a serious threat to aquatic environmental safety and sustainable agricultural development. Biogenic iron (Fe)-manganese (Mn) oxides (BFMO), mediated by Mn-oxidizing bacteria, are promising natural adsorbents for Cd removal. Although iron-manganese oxides have been widely studied for application in wastewater treatment, BFMO synthesized via a fully biologically driven process using novel strains still face limitations in terms of material structure and the availability of active sites. In this study, BFMO was synthesized using a newly isolated strain of Stenotrophomonas sp. Z-MRQA-3, and its mineralogical properties, Cd(II) immobilization performance, and underlying mechanisms were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that BFMO possesses a high specific surface area (244.52 m2/g), a hierarchical porous structure, and abundant surface functional groups, which collectively contribute to its superior adsorption capacity. Under conditions of adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g/L, initial Cd(II) concentration of 50 mg/L, and pH 7.2, the removal efficiency of Cd(II) reached 96.52%, with an adsorption capacity of 80.83 mg/g. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, with a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 89.29 mg/g. Mechanistic studies indicated that Cd(II) immobilization occurs mainly through surface complexation, ion exchange, and co-precipitation, facilitated by the redox-active multivalent Mn and oxygen-containing functional groups. This study aims to investigate the unique advantages of in situ synthesizing BFMO using specific bacterial strains. This work offers fundamental insights and practical prospects for developing green, efficient, and sustainable technologies for remediating Cd-contaminated water.

28. Digitalization of the Retail Food Environment: Modernizing Food Access, Highlighting Health Equity, and Identifying Opportunities for Future Research and Practice.

期刊: Journal of nutrition education and behavior 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

The digital transformation of the retail food environment is reshaping public health, producing both positive and negative impacts on how US consumers access food. This Research Report synthesizes these changes and explains why public health nutrition must modernize definitions and measures of food access, highlighting priority directions for new measurement approaches. Finally, we discuss future research and practice needs and directions, and describe how innovative nutrition education and behavior strategies, appropriate measurement, and policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) approaches can align public health and health equity efforts with the ongoing digital transformation of the food environment.

29. Association between adverse life events, DNA methylation and risk of premature ovarian insufficiency.

期刊: Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

This study aimed to assess psychological and lifestyle risk factors for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and their association with DNA methylation. A case-control study was conducted in Shanghai (2017-2022), including 304 controls and 160 newly diagnosed cases with POI (diagnosed within the past 6 months). Cumulative adverse life events were assessed using the life event scale (LES), and genome-wide DNA methylation was evaluated in whole blood-derived DNA obtained from a sub-sample. The median total event score for POI patients and control individuals was 48.5 and 20.0, respectively (p < 0.001). Participants experiencing more stressful life events (LES >32) were 2.33-fold more likely to have POI compared to controls (odds ratio 2.33, 95% confidence interval 1.53-3.56). Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis identified 5582 differentially methylated sites (DMSs) between POI patients and controls. Further analysis showed that higher negative life events scores were significantly associated with accelerated DNA methylation aging in the POI group (β = 0.06, p < 0.001). This case-control study revealed that cumulative stressful or adverse life events were associated with an increased risk of POI, and that accelerated epigenetic aging was correlated with chronic stress in POI patients. These findings suggest potential links that warrant further mechanistic investigation. Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) occurs when ovarian function declines before age 40 and can lead to infertility and long-term health risks. While genetic and medical causes are known, the role of psychological stress remains unclear. In this study, we compared women with newly diagnosed POI to healthy women of similar age. Women with POI reported significantly more stressful life events, particularly related to family and work, and high stress levels were associated with a higher risk of POl. Blood-based DNA methylation analysis showed that women with POI had specific epigenetic changes and signs of accelerated biological aging. These findings suggest that chronic psychological stress may contribute to biological alterations linked to POI, highlighting the importance of psychological support in women’s reproductive health care.

30. An Integrative Review of Formal Functional Support in Cardiac Rehabilitation Among Patients With Coronary Artery Disease After Revascularization.

期刊: The Journal of cardiovascular nursing 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of premature death and disability worldwide. The chances for a recurrent coronary event and mortality increase significantly after the first event. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an effective secondary prevention measure in reducing morbidity and mortality after a coronary event. Despite these benefits, fewer than 30% of eligible patients with coronary artery disease complete the recommended number of CR sessions. In this integrative review, our aim was to synthesize research on the relationship between formal functional social support and CR participation and completion among adults with coronary artery disease. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases from inception to June 2023. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies were included. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full-text reviews. The study quality was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. An initial search yielded 629 studies; 9 were included, and 1 was added after a hand search. Of the 10 studies reviewed, 6 were quantitative (60%), whereas 20% were qualitative and 20% were mixed-methods studies. Two main types of formal support interventions emerged: (1) individual interventions delivered one-on-one; and (2) system-level interventions, which involved modifying the environment to better support participants. There were 7 studies in which support interventions were targeted at the individual level, while 3 were focused at the environmental/systemic level. Participants who received support interventions had increased enrollment and participation in CR programs. Formal functional support was not objectively measured in the studies reviewed. However, participants expressed satisfaction with formal functional support programs, valued guidance from healthcare professionals, and the flexibility offered by support programs.

31. Review on Predictive Models and Integration Strategies for Holistic Impact Assessment of Chemicals and Materials.

期刊: Environmental science & technology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Rapid innovation in chemicals and materials calls for innovative integrated approaches that can assess their impacts across different areas. The Safe and Sustainable-by-Design (SSbD) framework, developed by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC), offers a comprehensive approach with which to evaluate the safety and sustainability of chemicals and materials across their lifecycle. While SSbD uses various modeling approaches to assess impacts on human health, the environment, and socioeconomic factors, these are often applied independently, hindering a holistic understanding of the complex interactions between these factors and thus the simultaneous optimization of function, cost, safety and sustainability. This review describes existing predictive models and available strategies for their integration to facilitate more comprehensive and holistic chemical and material impact assessments. Specifically, we examine three model integration strategies: consensus integration that combines model predictions for the same impact categories, weighted aggregation that combines different scores in a unified one, and pipeline integration that links models sequentially to create a more unified assessment. Furthermore, we address key concepts related to the uncertainty of model predictions and the applicability domain of models, highlighting how these evolve in integrated frameworks. Insights into the applications of these integration strategies and challenges will allow a more accurate, coherent, and sustainable approach to chemical and material safety and sustainability assessments.

32. Cadmium Exposure Facilitates Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition Through the Upregulation of ATP1B4.

期刊: Biological trace element research 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

33. Treatment Patterns, Clinical Outcomes, Health Care Resource Use, and Costs in Older Adults with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in the United States, 2007-2020.

期刊: Advances in therapy 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy typically attributed to occupational asbestos exposure and associated with dismal survival outcomes. The standard of care for unresectable MPM was platinum-based chemotherapy until the approval of immunotherapy in 2020. We examined treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, health care resource use (HCRU), and costs in patients with MPM to understand disease burden before the first immunotherapy approval. This retrospective study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare deidentified database in the US to select patients aged ≥ 65 years who initiated first-line therapy (1L, index event) for advanced MPM (regional extension or distant) diagnosed between 2007 and 2019. Eligible patients had continuous Medicare enrollment from the diagnosis date to ≥ 3 months post-index date, with ≥ 6-month follow-up after 1L initiation. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate real-world time to treatment discontinuation (rwTTD) and overall survival (OS). Data cutoff was December 31, 2020. Among 554 patients with MPM who initiated 1L, median age was 74 years; most were white (95.0%) and male (73.7%). The most common 1L regimens were platinum-pemetrexed (75.6%), pemetrexed monotherapy (8.5%), and bevacizumab-platinum-pemetrexed therapy (8.1%); the median rwTTD of 1L therapy was 5.3 (95% CI, 4.2-6.3) months. Of 554 patients, 300 (54.2%) initiated second-line therapy (2L), and 120 (21.7%) initiated third-line therapy (3L). Platinum-pemetrexed (25.0%) and gemcitabine (25.0%) were the most common 2L and 3L, respectively. Median OS was 16.3 (95% CI, 15.4-17.8) months, with 5-year survival of 7.9% (95% CI, 5.5-10.9). Mean per-patient-per-month all-cause inpatient admissions, outpatient visits, emergency department visits, and total costs were 0.04, 1.74, 0.18, and $11,432, respectively. The study highlights a substantial clinical and economic burden among patients with advanced MPM who received 1L chemotherapy in the years preceding immunotherapy approvals, underscoring the need for more effective therapies to improve outcomes. There is limited information regarding clinical and economic outcomes of patients treated in real-world clinical settings for advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), a cancer of the tissues surrounding the lungs. Furthermore, these outcomes are not often reported by the main types of MPM. Our study evaluated treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, health care resource use, and costs for advanced MPM overall and by the main histologic types among patients in the USA who received chemotherapy as their first treatment. We aimed to demonstrate the clinical and economic burden in these patients before the approval of immunotherapy-based treatments for the disease. Among 554 patients ≥ 65 years old with advanced MPM treated in 2007–2020, the most common first-line therapy was platinum-pemetrexed (76%). The average survival, defined as median overall survival (OS), was 16.3 months, and 8% of patients were alive at 5 years. Among patients with the epithelioid-type tumors, median OS was 17.8 months, and the 5-year survival rate was 9%; among those with the non-epithelioid-type tumors, median OS was 13.5 months, and the 5-year survival rate was < 5%. The average total all-cause health care costs during the follow-up period were $11,432 per patient per month, highlighting the substantial clinical and economic burden for patients with MPM and the need, during the study years, for more effective therapies to improve outcomes.

34. Counting sheep: Louis Pasteur and the first registered public vaccine trial.

期刊: European journal of epidemiology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine development took center stage in the media and minds of the global community. This same daily scrutiny was also applied to the first public registered vaccine trial of anthrax prevention among livestock led by French scientist Louis Pasteur in 1881. At a meeting with the president of the Agricultural Society of Melun, Pasteur outlined what might be considered the first “registered” vaccine trial protocol. The trial proposed a three-arm trial where anthrax-naïve sheep (n = 60) and cows (n = 10) would be assigned either to a treatment group consisting of a 2-dose anthrax vaccination in addition to an anthrax challenge, a control group consisting of an unvaccinated group given the anthrax challenge or a second control group which received neither vaccine nor anthrax challenge. All vaccinated sheep and cows were alive 48 h post-challenge. All unvaccinated sheep who received the anthrax challenge died within 48 h post-challenge, and the unvaccinated cows developed large edemas at the site of inoculation. Witnessing the 100% efficacy of Pasteur’s vaccine were hundreds of, mostly skeptical, onlookers including journalists who disseminated the big news across Europe within days. Two months later, the results of the trial reached North America, via attendees who had heard Pasteur’s address at the International Medical Congress in London in August 1881. Pasteur’s anthrax vaccine trial laid the foundations for the systematic, public, and a priori reporting of clinical trial procedures and codes of conduct which developed into the registered clinical trial protocols of today.

35. Professional quality of life among Norwegian oral health professionals working with torture and abuse survivors and patients with severe dental anxiety.

期刊: Acta odontologica Scandinavica 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

To investigate the level of burnout (BO), secondary traumatic stress (STS), and compassion satisfaction (CS) among Norwegian oral health professionals who work with traumatized and vulnerable patients. Professional Quality of Life-5 was used to assess BO, STS, and CS. Organizational and psychosocial work factors were measured with the Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work.  Results: Participants (n = 114) reported moderate levels across all three dimensions, with 62.6% scoring in the moderate range for STS, 47.4% for BO, and 38.6% for CS. Poor work-life balance was associated with lower levels of CS and higher levels of STS and BO. Support was associated with positive outcomes of BO, STS, and CS.  Conclusions: Psychosocial factors within the work environment contribute more to occupational strain than the direct challenges of working with traumatized or vulnerable patients. Involving oral health professionals in wider conversations about supporting those who care for vulnerable populations is paramount. Addressing organizational conditions alongside individual support is important to promote well-being.

36. Instruments of Insight: Cognitive Tool Use by Occupational Therapy Practitioners at Midwest Trauma Centers.

期刊: Occupational therapy in health care 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

In the hospital setting, standardized cognitive screening and assessment tools are critical to determine the presence of cognitive changes for occupational therapy discharge planning and intervention approaches. However, there is limited understanding of trends related to standardized tool availability and use across different trauma center designations. This study aimed to identify commonly used standardized cognitive screens and functional performance assessments, and to explore factors influencing their selection and use. Electronic surveys were employed with a total of 28 questions. Two hundred and eight occupational therapy practitioners completed an electronic survey that measured demographics, availability and use of screens and performance assessments, and attitudes and perceptions regarding cognitive evaluation. Results support 86.5% of participants reported the use of paper-pencil-based standardized cognitive screens and 65.4% reported the use of cognitive performance assessments. Findings showed differences in access and availability of cognitive screening tools as well as performance-based assessments between trauma center designations. Implications of the results are discussed both with past studies and potential future work.

37. Service Providers' and Re-entrants' Perspectives of Community Re-entry and Community Reintegration Programs After Incarceration.

期刊: OTJR : occupation, participation and health 发表日期: 2026-Jan-28 链接: PubMed

摘要

The purpose of the study was to elucidate the occupational challenges of re-entrants. Convenience and snowball recruitment strategies were used to solicit participants for this exploratory, interpretive phenomenological approach study. Five re-entry service providers and four re-entrants completed extensive interviews. Three levels of open, axial coding were completed with the transcripts. Two primary contexts were acknowledged between service providers and re-entrants: Barriers and Successful Reintegration. Themes were identified: Appreciating Re-entrants’ Narratives, Person Centered Approach, Networking and Relationships, and Process & Transformation. Service providers perceived re-entrants as focusing on stability in the re-entrants’ lives. Re-entrants reflected on their occupational engagement to include obtaining employment, maintaining mental health stability, and adapting to the demands of society. The results suggest a need to better understand the unique and individual needs of re-entrants and the complexity of occupational engagement and co-occupations within community re-entry. Beliefs About How Someone Returns to the Community After Being Released From Prison and the Challenges of Daily Life: Thoughts From Individuals Who Were Released Back to the Community (Re-entrants) and Those Who Provide Needed Services to Those IndividualsPrevious research indicates the multiple challenges that re-entrants face when returning to the community. However, it is not clear from the research how those challenges are understood in everyday life activities. The purpose of the study was to highlight the perspectives of re-entrants and re-entry service providers on the challenges of returning to the community after incarceration. Individuals were recruited through various community agencies that provide services to re-entrants. Four re-entrants completed extensive interviews, communicating their experiences of living and working in the community. Five re-entry service providers shared their experiences when providing assistance to re-entrants. The re-entrants and the service providers shared what they believed to be barriers to living and working in the community and what it meant to be successful in their return to daily life. Themes throughout the interviews included the importance of appreciating the re-entrants’ stories, past and present, and the need to see the unique needs of each re-entrant, known as a client-centered approach. All participants spoke about the value of relationships and the significance of connecting with people and organizations throughout the process of re-entry. The service providers and re-entrants believed what was needed to find stability in their lives included obtaining employment, maintaining mental health stability, and adjusting to the demands of society; however, the results also suggest a more complex relationship with the service providers in engaging with these occupations. The re-entrants spoke of how their lives change through these relationships. The results suggest a need for service providers to understand the unique and individual needs of re-entrants and the complexity of engaging in daily life. The ongoing activities needed for successful re-entry, where both the re-entrant and another individual participate, referenced as co-occupations, require additional time and energy.

38. Validation of a Brief and Very Brief Screener to Assess Overall Diet Quality in a Southeastern US Sample.

期刊: Journal of nutrition education and behavior 发表日期: 2026-Jan-27 链接: PubMed

摘要

To evaluate the validity of 2 brief screeners designed to assess overall diet quality: the Med-South Dietary Risk Assessment for medium-contact dietary counseling and the Med-South Starting the Conversation tool for brief dietary counseling by primary care clinicians. Cross-sectional study comparing scores from brief dietary screeners to diet quality indexes derived from the Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants were enrolled from 7 practices located in North Carolina. Patients (n = 346) referred to a weight loss study by primary care clinicians. Correlations between screener scores and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and alternate Mediterranean Diet scores. Pearson correlation coefficients for crude correlations and partial correlation coefficients for adjusted correlations. The mean ± SD age was 54.6 ± 12.1 years, and the median (interquartile range) body mass index was 35.1 (32.4-40.0) kg/m2. Crude and adjusted correlations between the brief screeners and the diet quality indexes ranged from 0.53-0.61. Observed validation correlations were similar to those for other previously validated brief screeners. Because referent measures were diet quality scores associated with favorable health outcomes, these screeners are preferred over previously validated screeners, which focus on limited components (e.g,. fat intake) of dietary intake.

39. Biosynthetic Versus Synthetic Mesh in Oncologic Ventral Hernia Repair.

期刊: Plastic and reconstructive surgery 发表日期: 2026-Jan-22 链接: PubMed

摘要

Ventral hernia repair in oncologic patients is challenging due to poor tissue quality, immunosuppression, malnutrition, and prior operations. Limited data exists comparing the outcomes of biosynthetic (Poly-4-hydroxybutyrate) and synthetic mesh in this population. This study aims to assess the outcomes in patients who undergo hernia repair using one of two mesh types. Patients undergoing ventral hernia repair by the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery service and general surgery after oncologic resection from 2010 to 2023 were included, with patient records reviewed and cases identified in a prospectively maintained database by the Plastic and Reconstructive Service. Repairs were done in a retrorectus, underlay, or onlay fashion with either biosynthetic or synthetic mesh. Primary endpoints included complication rates (hematoma, infection/cellulitis, wound dehiscence, abscess, seroma) and hernia recurrence. 207 patients underwent repair (102 biosynthetic, 105 synthetic) and were included. Baseline demographics were similar between groups. No significant difference was observed in complication rates (biosynthetic: 24%, synthetic: 18%; p=0.3). Hernia recurrence was noted in 8.8% of biosynthetic and 6.7% of synthetic mesh cases (p>0.6). Subgroup analysis of wound classes II-IV showed consistent results. Up to two years postoperatively, synthetic mesh did not significantly reduce hernia recurrence risk compared to biosynthetic mesh (Subdistribution Hazard Ratio (sHR): 0.66; 95% CI, 0.27-1.59; p=0.4). Bilateral external abdominal oblique release (sHR: 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11-0.87, p=0.026) and retromuscular mesh placement (sHR: 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02, 0.35, p<0.001) exhibited a protective role. Biosynthetic mesh can be considered a reasonable alternative to synthetic mesh in this high-risk population.

40. Sugar feeding impacts reproductive success and progeny development in Culicoides sonorensis biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).

期刊: Journal of medical entomology 发表日期: 2026-Jan-20 链接: PubMed

摘要

Culicoides Latreille biting midges are best known for their blood-feeding behaviors and pathogen transmission. However, biting midges also feed on sugar resources for energy, an area of study that has received little attention. In this study, we examined the impact of supplementing blood feeding with access to either water or sugar (10% sucrose) on midge fecundity, fertility, and progeny development. Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones were provided either sucrose or water prior to a blood meal and subsequently either sucrose or water after the blood meal, resulting in 4 treatments. Individual females and F1 progeny were tracked to investigate metrics associated with reproductive and progeny success. Access to sucrose prior to a blood meal increased adult survival and resulted in a 12.9% increase in the proportion of females successfully taking a blood meal. Females provided access to sucrose after a blood meal produced eggs 2.1 d later than females provided water only after a blood meal. Significant results were found for proportion of egg hatch, juvenile period length, and F1 female wing length, but results were variable by trial. Availability of natural sugar sources in midge habitats could impact several variables used to calculate the vectorial capacity of biting midges, including survival, blood feeding rate, and vector density. This study emphasizes the need to incorporate sugar ecology into our understanding of vector-borne disease epidemiology. These results also suggest there is potential for using attractive toxic sugar baits as an effective means of control for this vector genus.

41. For-Profit Program for All Inclusive Care for the Elderly Plans and Patient Characteristics.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

This cohort study describes characteristics and health care use patterns of Medicare enrollees in Program for All Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) plans by ownership type.

42. Characteristics and Outcomes of Adults Hospitalized With Childhood-Onset Complex Chronic Conditions.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

Individuals with childhood-onset complex chronic conditions (4Cs) are increasingly surviving to adulthood, but the impacts of these conditions on the adult health care system is largely unknown. To identify and characterize young adults with 4Cs in hospitals and compare their outcomes with other hospitalized young adults. This retrospective cohort study included young adults aged 18 to 39 years who were discharged from 29 hospitals in Ontario, Canada, from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Analyses were performed from November 2024 to April 2025. Childhood-onset complex chronic conditions, identified using an adaptation of a widely used pediatric algorithm. Primary outcomes included hospital length of stay, in-hospital mortality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Secondary outcomes were total cost, number of medications, number of advanced imaging scans, and 30-day readmission rates. Regression weighted by propensity score-based overlap weights was used to assess the association of 4Cs with outcomes at the patient level. Of 19 915 hospitalizations experienced by 15 072 patients (49.6% male; median age, 30 years; interquartile range, 24-35 years), 1329 (6.7%) were associated with 4Cs in 814 individuals (5.4%). The most prevalent pediatric conditions were hereditary anemias (212 of 814 individuals [26.0%]), cystic fibrosis (138 of 814 [17.0%]), and cerebral palsy (96 of 814 [11.8%]). Hospitalizations of patients with 4Cs accounted for 13 606 of 126 910 young adult hospital bed-days (10.7%). Patients hospitalized with 4Cs had lower Charlson Comorbidity Index scores (eg, ≥3: 7 of 757 [0.9%] vs 381 of 13 547 [2.8%]) and were more likely to have longer hospital stays (relative ratio [RR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.48-1.77), higher total costs (RR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.05-2.59), more prescribed medications (RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.19-1.34), fewer advanced imaging scans (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77-0.93), and higher 30-day readmission rates (RR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.28-1.98) compared with those without 4Cs. No significant differences were observed among those with vs without 4Cs for ICU admissions (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.91-1.20) or in-hospital mortality (RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.87-2.33). In this cohort study, young adults with 4Cs had longer acute care medical hospitalizations, accounting for 10.7% of all young adult hospital bed-days, and more rehospitalizations than other young adults. The results suggest that this population should be prioritized for targeted measures to reduce inpatient stays and improve care. The Charlson Comorbidity Index may be of limited utility for capturing comorbidities in this population.

43. Health Care-Associated Infections Among Neonates During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) implemented enhanced infection prevention measures during the COVID-19 pandemic to interrupt viral transmission. It was hypothesized that these measures would also reduce nonviral health care-associated infections (HAIs). To compare rates of viral and bacterial or fungal HAIs in infants admitted to the NICU before and during the pandemic. This cohort study was conducted at 12 level 3 or level 4 NICUs in the US and Canada. Participants were inborn and outborn infants admitted from March 1, 2018, to July 31, 2022, for at least 1 overnight stay at participating NICUs. Data analyses were performed from September 1, 2023, to July 28, 2025. The viral and bacterial or fungal HAI rates during the pandemic (April 1, 2020, to July 31, 2022) were compared with those before the pandemic (March 1, 2018, to March 31, 2020). HAI incidence before and during the pandemic was expressed as episodes per 1000 patient-days and compared using pre-post and time series analysis with Poisson regression. HAI was defined as an infection diagnosed 3 or more days after admission and was confirmed using molecular diagnostics for viruses and culture of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine for bacteria or fungal pathogens. The full cohort comprised 48 475 infants, grouped into the viral HAI or bacterial or fungal HAI subpopulations. Among 41 889 infants with 966 025 patient-days admitted at 11 NICUs, 231 (mean [SD] gestational age, 30.5 [5.3] weeks; 147 males [63.6%]) had 241 episodes of viral HAI. Viral HAI rates decreased from 0.35 to 0.16 per 1000 patient-days with an adjusted rate ratio (aRR) of 0.45 (95% CI, 0.34-0.59). Reduced rates persisted during the later pandemic period (April 1, 2021, to July 31, 2022) compared with the corresponding period before the pandemic (aRR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42-0.80), even as viral infections in the community increased. Among 48 475 infants with 1 130 038 patient-days at 12 study NICUs, 1537 (mean [SD] gestational age, 29.4 [5.2] weeks; 930 males [60.5%]) had 1969 episodes of bacterial or fungal HAI. Bacterial or fungal HAI rates did not decrease from before to during the pandemic (1.70 to 1.78 per 1000 patient-days; aRR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.95-1.14). At the site level, changes in bacterial or fungal HAI rates did not correlate with viral HAI rates. This cohort study found that viral HAIs decreased significantly during the pandemic, while bacterial or fungal HAIs did not. These findings suggest that the enhanced infection prevention measures used during the pandemic may be beneficial during periods of high viral activity but offer limited additional benefit for preventing bacterial or fungal HAI.

44. Health, Costs, and Injection-Related Infections at a Hypothetical Overdose Prevention Center.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

While the impact of overdose prevention centers (OPCs) on fatal overdose, HIV, and hepatitis C is well-characterized, the long-term clinical and cost impact on injection-related infections is unknown, and empirical data from the US are limited. To estimate the 10-year impact of a hypothetical OPC in Denver, Colorado, on injection-related infections, hospitalizations, mortality, and associated costs from a payer perspective. This decision analytical modeling study used a calibrated and validated Monte Carlo microsimulation model of the natural history of injection drug use. Data included people who inject drugs (PWID) in Denver, Colorado, simulated over 10 years, from 2023 to 2032. Input data were largely collected from the 2022 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance survey and published research on currently operating OPCs. Treatment service model for PWID; the status quo, in which 3 syringe service programs are operating, was compared with counterfactual scenarios in which a single OPC also operated and served between 10% and 70% of Denver’s population of PWID. Incidence of serious injection-related infections (SIRIs; infective endocarditis [IE] and skin and soft tissue infections [SSTIs]), hospitalizations, mortality, and associated costs from a health care payer perspective. The modeled population of 9697 PWID had an input mean (SD) age of 41.3 (1.9) years and included 74.1% male participants. Over a 10-year period, the status quo resulted in approximately 15 400 SIRIs, 15 000 hospitalizations for SIRIs and overdose, and 2400 deaths among Denver’s population of PWID. Compared with the status quo scenario, a hypothetical OPC decreased SSTI incidence by up to 11.5% (95% credible interval [CrI], -16.8% to -6.4%), IE incidence by up to 22.0% (95% CrI, -27.6% to -6.1%), hospitalizations by up to 8.5% (95% CrI, -14.0% to -2.6%), and all-cause mortality by up to 5.8% (95% CrI, -12.4% to 4.9%), and saved between $7 million and $46 million from a payer perspective over 10 years, depending on the program reach. Findings were robust in sensitivity analyses. In this simulation modeling study of the effect of a hypothetical OPC, implementing a single OPC in Denver was an effective intervention to decrease SIRIs, drug use-related hospitalizations, costs, and deaths among PWID.

45. Platelet Transfusion Practices and Outcomes in Neonates and Children.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

Platelet transfusions are critical interventions for neonates and children who are at risk of or who are experiencing bleeding. To describe the epidemiology of platelet transfusions and associations of blood donor and platelet characteristics with posttransfusion platelet increments, transfusion burden, and clinical outcomes in neonates and children. This cohort study included patients younger than 18 years of age (with birth weights higher than 2500 g) between April 1, 2019, and June 30, 2023, from the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-IV-Pediatric Vein-to-Vein multicenter, retrospective, donor-component-recipient-linked database. Neonates were considered individuals less than 28 days of age; otherwise, participants were considered older children. Platelet transfusion. The main outcomes were posttransfusion platelet increments and subsequent transfusion burden associated with platelet processing and donor characteristics. Of 249 340 inpatient encounters, platelet transfusion was reported in 8874 (3.6%) patients (4934 of 131 592 encounters [3.7%] male; median [IQR] age 2.5 [0.6-11.2] years). Platelet transfusion was lowest among children younger than 1 year of age (2.6%) and highest among children 1 to less than 6 years of age (4.7%; P < .001). The median (IQR) dose was 14.9 mL/kg for neonates and 9.6 mL/kg for older children. After excluding patients with bleeding, most transfusions in neonates (67.8%) and older children (81.0%) were performed at pretransfusion platelet counts greater than 25 × 103/µL and greater than 10 × 103/µL, respectively. Median (IQR) pretransfusion platelet counts in neonates (34 × 103/µL [20-54 × 103/µL]) were significantly higher than in older children (22 × 103/µL [11-40 × 103/µL]; P < .001). Pathogen reduction (PR) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.73-0.92]), use of platelet additive solution (PAS) (AOR, 0.32 [95% CI, 0.27-0.37]), platelet storage duration longer than 3 days (AORs ranged from 0.67 [95% CI, 0.58-0.76] to 0.82 [95% CI, 0.76-0.88]), male sex (AOR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.86-0.98]), and donor age 40 years or older (AOR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.72-0.86]) were associated with lower platelet increments (all P < .001). Use of PR platelets (adjusted rate ratio [ARR], 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02-1.07), use of PAS (ARR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.40-1.47]), storage duration longer than 3 days (ARR, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.09-1.13] for 4 to <5 days and ARR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.26-1.30] for ≥5 days), and donor age of 40 years or older (ARR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.13-1.17] for 40 to <60 years and ARR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.08-1.12] for ≥60 years) on the first transfusion were associated with a significantly higher rate of receiving a subsequent transfusion. These factors were not associated with hospital length of stay or mortality. In this multicenter, donor-product-recipient linked cohort study, after excluding patients with bleeding, most transfusions among neonates and older children were at high pretransfusion platelet counts. Use of PAS, PR, longer storage duration, male donors, and donor age older than 40 years were independently associated with lower posttransfusion platelet increments. Use of PAS, PR, platelet storage longer than 3 days, and donor age 40 years or older were associated with a significantly higher overall platelet transfusion burden but were not associated with hospital length of stay or mortality. These results have important implications for transfusion practices for platelets among neonates and children and need validation in well-designed prospective studies.

46. Life-Course Psychosocial Stress and Risk of Dementia and Stroke in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

The associations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adverse adulthood experiences (AAEs) with incident dementia and stroke in the Chinese population are not well understood. To investigate the associations of ACEs and AAEs with dementia and stroke incidence, and to examine whether depression mediates these associations. This population-based cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (June 2015 to December 2020). Participants aged 45 years and older with complete adverse experience data were included and were followed up for a mean (SD) of 4.89 (0.48) years for dementia and 4.84 (0.57) years for stroke. Statistical analysis was performed from August 20, 2025, to November 23, 2025. ACEs and AAEs were assessed through a structured questionnaire, with cumulative scores calculated for both categories. Dementia was identified using a standardized cognitive battery and activities of daily living scale, while stroke was determined through self-reported physician diagnosis. Depression was evaluated using the 10-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to explore the association of ACEs and AAEs with the risk of new-onset dementia and stroke, with results presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs. Among 11 601 participants (mean [SD] age, 59.18 [9.41] years; 5569 male [48.0%]), 9145 (78.8%) were exposed to at least 1 ACE indicator, 4241 (36.6%) to at least 1 AAE indicator, and 3531 (30.4%) to both ACE and AAE markers. Both ACEs (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.18) and AAEs (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.14-1.33) were significantly associated with higher hazards of dementia during follow-up, whereas only AAEs were associated with higher hazards of stroke (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.12-1.26). Latent class analysis identified a high-risk ACEs subgroup associated with incident stroke (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.08-1.65). In the joint effects analyses, participants in the high-risk groups for both ACEs and AAEs exhibited higher hazards of dementia (HR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.54-7.02) and stroke (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.24-5.30). Depression mediated 34.3% of the association of ACEs with dementia (β = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.04-0.17), 20.9% of the association of AAEs with dementia (β = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.13-0.30), and 17.5% of the association of AAEs with stroke (β = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.11-0.24). In this cohort study, exposure to adverse experiences throughout life was associated with increased risks of dementia and stroke, with depression mediating these associations. These findings highlight the importance of implementing life-course interventions that address both psychological trauma and mental health to reduce the burden of neurovascular diseases.

47. Blood Lead Concentrations and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Childhood.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

Low-level lead exposure during early brain development is associated with lower cognitive abilities and externalizing behavioral problems in children. However, the association of lead exposure with depression and anxiety remains understudied, particularly in later childhood, when these symptoms often manifest. To examine associations between low-level, serial blood lead concentrations in children and symptoms of depression and anxiety and to investigate for periods of susceptibility. This cohort study used data from a prospective population of 218 caregiver-child dyads (218 children and 218 parents in the Health Outcomes and Measures of Environment [HOME] Study) recruited from 2003 to 2006 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Children and their families were followed up from the second trimester to age 12 years (2016-2019). Data were analyzed between June 2024 to November 2025. Serial blood lead concentrations in children were measured at ages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, and 12 years. We measured self- and caregiver-reported child depressive and anxiety symptoms at age 12 years using the Behavioral Assessment System for Children-3 (BASC-3), Children’s Depression Inventory-II (CDI-II), and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED). Among 218 children (121 female [55.5%]; 78 Black [35.8%] and 140 White and other race or ethnicity [64.2%]; mean [SD] age, 12.4 [0.7] years), the median (IQR; range) mean within-child blood lead concentration was 9.6 (7.8 to 12.6; 4.8 to 32.4) μg/L. Each doubling in mean childhood blood lead concentrations was associated with increased risk of elevated child-reported depressive symptoms on the BASC-3 (relative risk [RR], 1.90; 95% CI, 1.00 to 3.66; P = .05) and increased risk of child- and caregiver-reported child depressive symptoms (RR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.78; P = .02). By blood lead concentration, there were increasing adjusted mean differences in self-reported BASC-3 depression scores from age 1 year (1.82; 95% CI, -1.10 to 4.74; P = .22), a nonsignificant outcome, through age 8 years (3.22; 95% CI, 0.53 to 5.90; P = .02), a significant outcome. There were no associations between blood lead concentrations and self-reported depression measured with the Children’s Depression Inventory-II or anxiety measured with the SCARED. Child sex and race did not modify these associations. In this study, low-level childhood blood lead concentrations were associated with self-reported depressive symptoms in later childhood, with particularly large increases in risk for exposures occurring in late childhood and early adolescence. These findings suggest that lead exposure during childhood may be associated with mental health in later childhood, highlighting the need for continued efforts to prevent lead exposure.

48. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Prior Major Adverse Limb Events in Patients With Diabetes.

期刊: JAMA network open 发表日期: 2026-Jan-02 链接: PubMed

摘要

Patients with diabetes and a history of major adverse limb events (MALEs) are at an increased risk of cardiovascular and limb-related complications; however, effective glucose-lowering therapies for secondary prevention in this population are limited. To evaluate whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are associated with reduced risk of MALEs and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in patients with diabetes and prior MALEs. This retrospective, nationwide cohort study used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from October 2012 to December 2023. Patients with diabetes and a history of MALE who initiated GLP-1 RAs or DPP-4 inhibitors were included. MALEs were defined as chronic limb-threatening ischemia, lower limb revascularization, or nontraumatic minor and major amputation. Initiation of GLP-1 RAs (liraglutide, dulaglutide, or semaglutide) vs DPP-4 inhibitors. The primary outcome was a composite of lower limb revascularization and nontraumatic major and minor amputation. The secondary outcomes were MACEs (cardiovascular death, ischemic stroke, and myocardial infarction), all-cause mortality, and progression to long-term dialysis. A new-user, active-comparator design with inverse probability of treatment weighting was employed. Among 17 288 patients (mean [SD] age, 70.7 [12.0] years; 10 010 male [57.9%]), 1583 initiated GLP-1 RAs and 15 705 initiated DPP-4 inhibitors. After weighting, the use of GLP-1 RAs was associated with a lower risk of MALEs (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.97), primarily due to a marked reduction in amputation (SHR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75-0.98). GLP-1 RAs were also associated with reduced risks of MACEs (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.58-0.65), cardiovascular death (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.53-0.61), all-cause mortality (HR 0.63; 95% CI, 0.60-0.66), and progression to dialysis (SHR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.54-0.70). In this nationwide cohort study of patients with diabetes and prior MALEs, treatment with GLP-1 RAs was associated with significantly lower risks of recurrent limb events, cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, and kidney disease progression compared with DPP-4 inhibitors. These findings support the preferential use of GLP-1 RAs for secondary prevention in this high-risk population.

49. Novel features of Mycoplasma genitalium genomes identified through Oxford Nanopore sequence analysis of isolates from Australia.

期刊: Microbial genomics 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed

摘要

Mycoplasma genitalium is a fastidious human pathogen with increasing antimicrobial resistance, yet its genomic landscape remains poorly characterized due to difficulties with culture, including prolonged incubation periods and low DNA yields from both clinical and cultured samples. Consequently, there are few publicly available genome sequences. In this study, a Vero cell culture protocol was optimized to increase M. genitalium DNA yield and integrated with Oxford Nanopore technology. As a result, 22 complete genome sequences were generated with a mean sequencing depth of 51.01×. Comparative genomics revealed that 59% of isolates contained a translocated rRNA operon, with junction flanks showing ~90% identity to the MgPar repetitive regions known to be associated with genomic rearrangement. Phylogenetic analysis revealed multiple groups encompassing both recent and deeply branching lineages. High rates of macrolide (90.9%) and fluoroquinolone (45.5%) resistance were observed. All isolates with quinolone resistance mutations also carried macrolide resistance mutations. Notably, all three isolates with mgpB 161 allele had the same resistance profile: A2059G, H69R, S83I and M95I at 23S, L4, parC and gyrA, respectively. This work provides the first complete M. genitalium genome generated using Oxford Nanopore sequencing from Vero cell-propagated isolates, underscoring the novelty and technical advancement of this approach.

50. Sustainable assessment in digital health interventions for primary care: A scoping review.

期刊: Journal of public health research 发表日期: 2026-Jan 链接: PubMed

摘要

Primary care is essential for improving healthcare access and global health, yet it faces challenges related to limited capacity and slow response times. Digital health interventions (DHI) (DHIs) are increasingly used to address these gaps by promoting healthy behaviours, patient empowerment, and health literacy. However, their implementation is challenged by insufficient regulations and infrastructure, and evaluations often overlook broader sustainability concerns. This scoping review examines how DHIs in primary care are assessed for sustainability across financial, social, and environmental domains. The scoping review methodology consisted of three stages: pearl-growing, keywords with operators, and reference list search. MEDLINE (PubMed and Ovid), CINAHL, IEEE Access, ScienceDirect, NICE, and TRIP databases were utilised, and the results were evaluated using qualitative content analysis. The review highlights four aspects to consider when implementing digital health interventions: Enhancing health promotion and illness prevention through the user’s adherence to treatment, while addressing clinical risks. Examine social implications considering wellbeing, access, inclusion, participation, empowerment, and data protection. Consider financial impacts such as resource management, available funding, and appropriate infrastructure. And environmental implications that include product life cycle, resource use, and greenhouse emissions. It is recommended that guidelines for implementing DHIs in primary care prioritise improving health promotion and preventive care. Emphasising the value of building public trust by promoting well-being, ensuring human rights in data governance, addressing social determinants of health, and improving resource efficiency through interoperability and circular economy principles.

51. Prevalence and risk factors of burnout among community pharmacists in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

期刊: Frontiers in pharmacology 发表日期: 2026 链接: PubMed

摘要

Burnout incidents among community pharmacists continue to increase globally, resulting in impaired job performance and patient care as well as mental health deterioration. Research studies on pharmacist burnout and its connected risk factors remain insufficient for Saudi Arabian pharmacists. This research aimed to investigate burnout frequency alongside related risk elements for Saudi Arabian community pharmacists in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among community pharmacists in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia between March and July 2025. A structured questionnaire collected data on demographics, occupational factors, and burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 25.0), applying chi-square tests, t-tests, Pearson correlations, and logistic regression at a significance level of p < 0.05. The analysis revealed widespread burnout symptoms among study participants, including emotional exhaustion in 78.2% of respondents. In comparison, depersonalization affected 65.4% of participants, and a decline in personal accomplishment was experienced by 72.6%. Overall, a high proportion of participants demonstrated moderate-to-high burnout based on MBI-HSS cutoffs. Significant positive correlations were observed between burnout and heavy workload (p = 0.002), extended working hours (p = 0.004), and insufficient financial compensation (p = 0.006). Female pharmacists showed higher emotional exhaustion scores than their male counterparts, with 29.8 ± 6.4 and 25.6 ± 5.9, respectively (p = 0.03). Pharmacists who exceeded 48 h per week showed higher levels of professional burnout (p = 0.01), while those younger than 35 years demonstrated increased emotional exhaustion compared to their older counterparts (p = 0.02). The findings indicate a high prevalence of burnout among community pharmacists in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia, influenced by workload, long working hours, insufficient compensation, and demographic factors. Implementation of workload management systems, mental health support, and career development resources is recommended to decrease burnout and enhance pharmacist well-being and patient care quality.

52. Constructing an indicator system for factors influencing volleyball coaches' in-game tactical decision-making: a Delphi study.

期刊: Frontiers in psychology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed

摘要

The purpose of this study was to construct a systematic and evidence-based framework of indicators for factors influencing volleyball coaches’ in-game tactical decision-making. Potential indicators were generated through expert screening and group discussions, then refined via two rounds of Delphi consultation. Indicator weights were determined using the precedence chart method. The final framework comprised six primary indicators-Athlete Competitive Performance (0.3056), Coach Competence and On-site Performance (0.2500), Match Situation and Dynamics (0.1944), Information Support (0.1389), Officiating Performance (0.0566), and Spectator Behavior and Unexpected Incidents (0.0566)-along with 15 secondary and 52 tertiary indicators. Athlete Competitive Performance carried the greatest weight, while Officiating Performance and Spectator Behavior showed the lowest. At the secondary level, Coach Competence, Team Coordination, and both Own and Opponent Athlete Performance were the most influential factors. At the tertiary level, the Individual Technical and Tactical Performance of Own Players was most critical, followed by tactical execution, lineup strength, coaches’ authority, and opponent tactical adjustments. Overall, the study highlights the complexity of in-game tactical decision-making and provides a structured indicator framework that offers theoretical insights and practical guidance for improving rational and adaptive coaching decisions in competitive volleyball.

53. Identifying influencing factors associated with sleep quality in undergraduates based on partial least squares regression and XGBoost.

期刊: Frontiers in psychology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed

摘要

This study aimed to identify the influencing factors associated with sleep quality among undergraduates in Jiangsu, China, and to explore their complex relationships. A cross-sectional survey was conducted online between October and November 2022. A total of 7,062 valid participants (aged 20.1 ± 1.3 years) were included, and a complete case analysis was performed. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), with a score exceeding 7 denoting poor sleep quality. To overcome the limitations of traditional statistical methods in handling multicollinearity and capturing complex, nonlinear associations, Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) was used to quantify linear relationships between influencing factors and quantitative PSQI scores, while the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis were utilized to identify nonlinear influencing factors and their interactions associated with binary classification of sleep quality. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 26.5% (95%CI: 25.5 to 27.6%). Mental health status was the most influencing factor, and those with good mental health had better sleep quality (β = -0.853, 95%CI: -1.079 to -0.627, p < 0.001). Smartphone dependence (MPAI: β = 0.043, 95%CI: 0.038 to 0.048, p < 0.001) and a noisy dormitory environment (β = 0.627, 95%CI: 0.420 to 0.835, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality, whereas psychological resilience (CD-RISC: β = -0.017, 95%CI: -0.023 to -0.012, p < 0.001) emerged as a negatively associated factor. Other significant associations were found for smoking (β = 0.496, 95%CI: 0.276 to 0.716, p = 0.002), drinking (β = 0.594, 95%CI: 0.420 to 0.768, p < 0.001), and harmonious interpersonal relationships (β = -0.172, 95%CI: -0.251 to -0.094, p = 0.002). The XGBoost model showed good discriminative performance (AUC = 0.818, 95%CI: 0.795 to 0.841). SHAP analysis revealed nonlinear patterns, such as a U-shaped relationship between BMI and sleep quality. The integrated PLSR-XGBoost framework effectively handled multicollinearity without discarding variables and provided a more comprehensive understanding from both linear and nonlinear perspectives. The findings support the development of comprehensive and tailored interventions targeting specific influencing factors, such as mental health support, dormitory noise management, smartphone use modification, and resilience-building programs, offering an empirical foundation for sleep health promotion initiatives in university settings.

54. Trained to care, untrained to share: the integration of social media (#SoMe) education in dental specialty programs: a scoping review.

期刊: Frontiers in oral health 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed

摘要

Social media (SoMe) is increasingly used in dentistry for patient education, professional networking, and career development, yet formal curricula on its use and digital literacy remain limited in dental specialty programs. This scoping review the existing literature on SoMe use in dentistry and identify gaps in curricular implementation and policy development for curricular integration in dental specialty training. Following PRISMA- ScR guidelines, a systematic literature search of PubMed and Scopus for studies published between 2009 and 2024 were searched. Two reviewers identified 2,952 articles, of which 531 met inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and analyzed to identify publication trends, thematic areas, and key findings related to SoMe in dentistry. Research output grew substantially (412%) between 2015 and 2024. YouTube was the most studied platform (41%), followed by X/Twitter (27%), Instagram (19%), and Facebook (13%). Research involving dental professionals (54%) emphasized continuing education and networking, while patient-focused studies (43%) addressed oral health promotion, misinformation, and treatment decision-making. Only 7% evaluated formal SoMe curricula. Reported challenges, privacy breaches (38%), unprofessional conduct (32%), and misinformation (29%), highlights the need for structured educational content during dental specialty training. SoMe changed the dynamics of clinical dental practice; however, concerns persist regarding digital literacy and professionalism. Evidence on the structured integration of SoMe into dental specialty curricula remains limited, highlighting the need for educational initiatives to promote ethical digital engagement and oral health communication.

55. Research advances on the risk of prostate cancer from phthalates exposure: from epidemiological evidence to multidimensional prevention and control.

期刊: Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed

摘要

Prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant threat to men’s health worldwide, with persistently high incidence and mortality rates. Phthalates (PAEs), typical environmental endocrine disruptors (EDCs), are ubiquitous in the environment and readily accumulate in the human body due to their widespread use in plastics and consumer products. Their potential role in PCa development has drawn considerable attention. This review systematically summarizes the epidemiological associations between PAEs and PCa, their potential mechanisms of action, long-term risks, and corresponding prevention and control strategies. Epidemiological studies confirm that high-molecular-weight PAEs (e.g., di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [DEHP], dibutyl phthalate [DBP]) are significantly associated with increased PCa risk, with abdominally obese men identified as a susceptible population. Urinary PAE metabolites (e.g., mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [MEHP], mono-n-butyl phthalate [MnBP]) serve as non-invasive biomarkers for assessing PAE exposure in prostate tissue. Mechanistically, PAEs may regulate PCa progression through multiple pathways, including disrupting the androgen/estrogen signaling balance, inducing epigenetic abnormalities (DNA hypomethylation, microRNA dysregulation), activating pro-proliferative/invasive signaling pathways (MAPK/AP-1, Wnt/β-catenin pathways), and inducing oxidative stress and facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Concurrently, PAEs may pose long-term carcinogenic risks through developmental programming and synergistic interactions with obesity to exacerbate PCa risk. Furthermore, this review proposes a multi-tiered prevention and control system comprising industrial source control, targeted protection of susceptible populations, occupational safeguards, and clinical integration. Future research should focus on core scientific questions, such as identifying key PAE subtypes that may be carcinogenic to the prostate, elucidating transgenerational epigenetic mechanisms underlying PAE-induced PCa susceptibility, and verifying the reversibility of PAE-obesity interactions in PCa development, to provide more substantial evidence for mitigating PAE-associated PCa risk.

56. Identifying latent profiles of emotional labor and exploring their links to psychological resilience among tertiary hospital nurses.

期刊: Frontiers in psychology 发表日期: 2025 链接: PubMed

摘要

Nurses frequently engage in high levels of emotional labor, which, when sustained, may be detrimental to their psychological well-being. However, the way nurses regulate emotions is heterogeneous. Identifying distinct emotional labor profiles and examining their psychological associations is crucial for developing tailored interventions. This study aimed to identify latent profiles of emotional labor among nurses in tertiary hospitals and investigate their associations with psychological resilience. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to May 2025 among 458 registered nurses across eight tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province, China. Data were collected using a general demographic questionnaire, the Emotional Labor Scale, and the Psychological Resilience Scale. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was employed to identify distinct emotional labor profiles. One-way ANOVA was used to compare psychological resilience across profiles, and a multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to explore independent predictors of emotional labor categories. A total of 458 valid responses were analyzed. Three distinct emotional labor profiles were identified: Surface Acting-Suppression Type (C1, 30.3%), Deep Acting Type (C2, 45.4%), and Natural Engagement Type (C3, 24.2%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that gender, age, employment type, monthly night shifts, salary satisfaction, and psychological resilience were significant predictors of emotional labor classification. Psychological resilience significantly differed across all profile comparisons: C1 vs. C2, C1 vs. C3, and C2 vs. C3 (p < 0.05). Emotional labor among nurses exhibits notable latent heterogeneity, with psychological resilience varying significantly across profile types. Tailored interventions are recommended based on emotional labor typologies to enhance psychological resilience and organizational support, thereby improving emotional labor management and promoting sustainable occupational health among nurses.