公共卫生文献雷达（2026-07-31）
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1. TRANSformative perspectives on endometriosis research policy, and practice: Insights from multidisciplinary focus groups.
主题：流行病学 / 卫生政策与真实世界证据
期刊：Global public health
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：同时命中多个关注主题；包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people with endometriosis have unique health needs. Current health research, policy, and clinical practice are developed within a biomedical and cisheteronormative paradigm that structurally excludes the TGD community, whose health needs remain largely unmet. This study aims to set an agenda for future research in the fields of endometriosis and gender diversity and to make recommendations for policy and practice through focus group methods. Twenty community members and professionals gathered for a two-day event at the Brocher Foundation in Switzerland. The group was heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race, ability status, and professional background. On the first day, the participants gave twelve plenary presentations. On the second day, two plenary sessions and three parallel discussions in subgroups were facilitated. The data were analyzed through content analysis. Three main categories were identified: research, policy, and practice. Future studies should center the experiences of TGD people embodying different intersecting identities through transdisciplinary and community-based methods. The effects of gender-affirming care on endometriosis and the adequacy of endometriosis treatments for TGD people need to be further investigated. The education of healthcare providers is crucial to improve clinical practice, as well as a shift in health policy beyond cisheteronormativity.
2. Association between mid-to-late pregnancy gestational weight gain and adverse birth outcomes among women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
主题：生物统计与研究设计 / 流行病学
期刊：Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
发表日期：2028-Aug
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：同时命中多个关注主题；包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The gestational weight gain (GWG) range during mid-to-late pregnancy associated with the lowest combined risk of adverse birth outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains unclear. This study aims to examine the associations between GWG and adverse birth out-comes among women with GDM.
METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: This study included a cohort of 1,673 pregnant women with GDM. GWG was defined as weight gain from pre-pregnancy to a measurement between 24 and 32 gestational weeks, residualized for gestational age and standardized as z-scores. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between GWG z-scores (per 1-SD increase and categories: <-1, -1 to 1 [reference], and ≥1) and small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), and preterm birth. Restricted cubic splines were fitted to explore nonlinear associations.
RESULTS: Each 1-SD higher in GWG z-score was associated with lower odds of SGA (odds ratio [OR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.71) and higher odds of LGA (1.48; 1.29-1.70). Compared with the reference group, women with GWG z-scores <-1 had higher odds of SGA and lower odds of LGA, whereas those with z-scores ≥1 showed the opposite pattern. No significant association was observed with preterm birth. Spline analyses indicated that a GWG z-score of approximately -0.07 (equal to 8.2 kg at 28 weeks) was associated with the lowest combined odds of SGA and LGA.
CONCLUSIONS: Among women with GDM, both insufficient and excessive mid-to-late pregnancy GWG were associated with adverse size-for-gestational-age outcomes.
3. Associations of workplace violence with depression and anxiety among health-care workers: the mediating role of perceived work stress.
主题：流行病学
期刊：Global health action
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND: Workplace violence (WPV) is a pervasive occupational hazard in health-care settings and has increasingly been recognized as a major threat to health-care workers’ mental health. Previous studies have consistently shown that WPV is associated with a range of adverse psychological outcomes, including depression and anxiety. However, despite the growing body of evidence documenting these associations, the underlying mechanisms through which WPV affects mental health remain insufficiently understood.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the associations between WPV and depression and anxiety among health-care workers and to assess whether perceived work stress mediates these associations.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among health-care workers in Xi’an, China, using a multistage stratified cluster sampling design. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations between WPV and mental health outcomes, and the Karlson-Holm-Breen method was applied to assess the mediating role of perceived work stress.
RESULTS: A total of 39,773 participants were included in the final analysis, of whom 46.18% reported experiencing WPV. WPV was associated with higher odds of depression (OR = 3.79, 95% CI: 1.76-8.15) and anxiety (OR = 3.81, 95% CI: 2.11-6.90). Perceived work stress partially mediated these relationships, accounting for 18.90% of the association with depression and 15.63% with anxiety.
CONCLUSIONS: WPV was significantly associated with depression and anxiety among health-care workers and perceived work stress may represent a potential pathway linking WPV to these outcomes. Interventions should focus on preventing WPV and strengthening mental health support for affected staff.
Main findings: Exposure to workplace violence was strongly associated with higher odds of depression and anxiety among health-care workers, and these associations were partly explained by higher perceived work stress.Added knowledge: This study provides large-scale evidence from China that perceived work stress may represent an important pathway linking workplace violence to poor mental health.Global health impact for policy and action: The findings underscore the need for integrated policies that both prevent workplace violence in health-care settings and address work-related stress through organizational and mental health support interventions.
4. State of the global tuberculosis epidemic: burden, progress towards WHO End TB Strategy targets and systemic challenges.
主题：流行病学
期刊：The Lancet. Microbe
发表日期：2027-Apr-26
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious pathogen globally despite decades of effective chemotherapy. In 2024, an estimated 10·7 million people developed tuberculosis, including approximately 620 000 people living with HIV (PLHIV), and tuberculosis caused an estimated 1·23 million deaths overall, including approximately 150 000 deaths among PLHIV. Men accounted for more than half of the cases, and children represented a substantial burden, reflecting ongoing transmission and diagnostic gaps. Approximately a quarter of the world’s population has been infected with M tuberculosis, with immunological evidence of previous or current infection. This population includes groups at increased risk of progression to tuberculosis disease, particularly those with recent infection, HIV, undernutrition, young age, or other clinical and social vulnerabilities. Following 3 years of COVID-19-related setbacks, global tuberculosis incidence declined modestly (1%) from 2023 to 2024 but remains higher than in 2020 and far off-track to meet the 2025 WHO End TB Strategy milestones. Case detection improved to 8·3 million notifications (78% of estimated incident cases), supported by expanded molecular diagnostics; however, prevalence surveys continue to reveal substantial proportions of bacteriologically confirmed but asymptomatic tuberculosis, highlighting persistent transmission and missed diagnoses. 30 high-burden countries accounted for 87% of cases, led by India, Indonesia, the Philippines, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Bangladesh. M tuberculosis-HIV co-infection remains a major driver of mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Drug-resistant tuberculosis threatens progress: of 390 000 estimated multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis cases in 2024, only 42% initiated treatment, although treatment success improved to 71%. Tuberculosis-preventive treatment reached 5·3 million people, including 58% of PLHIV and 25% of eligible household contacts, well below global targets. Persistent undernutrition, poverty, HIV, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, air pollution, migration, and conflict continue to shape tuberculosis epidemiology. With financing at only 27% of global targets, accelerated prevention, proactive case finding, social protection, and sustained political commitment are essential to eliminate tuberculosis.
5. Changes in HPV vaccine hesitancy and influencing factors among female university students in China: A national repeated study.
主题：流行病学
期刊：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
HPV vaccine hesitancy remains a critical barrier to cervical cancer prevention in China despite a series of strategic policy initiatives. Our study conducted two large-scale online cross-sectional surveys in 2022 and 2025 among nationally representative samples of female university students, applying propensity score matching to enhance comparability. HPV vaccine hesitancy, assessed on a 0-10 scale (including graded hesitancy and refusal), increased significantly over time, with prevalence rising from 8.8% to 21.6%, and mean hesitancy scores also increasing. Although HPV knowledge improved and exposure to negative information declined, the perceived necessity of vaccination fell markedly, and trust eroded across several domains, including trust in health professionals’ advice and in both domestic and imported vaccines. Multivariable analyses identified perceived necessity, healthcare professional recommendation, and trust in professionals and domestic vaccines as protective factors, while prior self-payment for other vaccines was also associated with lower hesitancy. These determinants remained stable over time, underscoring the need for targeted strategies to counter rising hesitancy.
6. A qualitative exploration of pregnant women’s awareness and utilization of the Australian dietary guidelines for pregnancy.
主题：卫生政策与真实世界证据
期刊：International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
PURPOSE: The Australian dietary guidelines for pregnancy advise on optimal maternal intake. However, previous literature demonstrates suboptimal adherence to guidelines, with no evidence of the experience of sourcing nor uptake of the dietary guidelines among pregnant women. We aimed to explore pregnant women’s knowledge of nutrition information, including the current Australian dietary guidelines for pregnancy.
METHODS: Nineteen pergnant women were recruited using convenient sampling. Semi-structured interviews were analysed thematically, underpinned by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour (COM-B) model and Theoretical Domains Framework.
RESULTS: Three themes were identified. Women showed limited awareness and/or utilization of the dietary guidelines for pregnancy, partially due to the inconsistent opportunity to receive guidelines from maternity healthcare providers. When seeking advice independently, women’s capability to acquire pregnancy-related food knowledge was primarily dedicated to food safety and to identifying reliable advice from other non-evidence-based information. Women’s motivation to utilize the dietary guidelines for pregnancy is low, with the perception that the broad recommendations may not meet their diverse, individual nutritional needs.
CONCLUSIONS: To optimize pregnancy nutritional intake, multi-disciplinary efforts should be made to increase the awareness of the dietary guidelines for pregnancy and to support the delivery and uptake of dietary advice among pregnant women.
7. Psychosocial factors influencing HPV vaccination intention among male college students in Hangzhou city: A cross-sectional study based on an extended theory of planned behavior model.
主题：流行病学
期刊：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for males is critical for reducing the global burden of HPV-related diseases. This study utilized an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework to identify determinants of vaccination intentions among Chinese male undergraduate students. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2025 in Hangzhou, China, recruiting 1,310 participants via multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. The dependent variable was vaccination intention. Independent variables included sociodemographics, TPB constructs (behavior attitude [BA], subjective norms [SN], and perceived behavioral control [PBC]), HPV knowledge and risk perception. We employed a three-step hierarchical linear model (Model 1: sociodemographics; Model 2: adding TPB constructs; Model 3: adding HPV knowledge/risk) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to test latent paths. Among the 1,310 participants (balanced across four academic years), 62.7% expressed a willingness to receive the HPV vaccine. Hierarchical regression revealed that sociodemographics explained 2.1% of the variance in vaccination intention (Model 1), which increased to 25.1% with the inclusion of TPB constructs (Model 2), and reached 32.7% in the final model (Model 3) (F = 126.245, p < .001). SEM analysis further validated the model (χ2/df = 2.102, RMSEA = 0.068, GFI = 0.968), accounting for 75.9% of the total variance in behavioral intention. PBC was identified as the most powerful predictor (β = 0.527, p < .001), followed by BA, SN and HPV-related knowledge. Additionally, higher self-assessed risk of infection significantly predicted stronger intentions. The results of this study indicated that increasing vaccination rates requires policy interventions to improve vaccine accessibility and affordability, alongside fostering positive attitudes and social support through targeted health education.
8. Maternal parity as a predictor of offspring adult mortality - a longitudinal cohort study of people born 1927-1937 in the Faroe Islands.
主题：流行病学
期刊：International journal of circumpolar health
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Data from a population-based birth cohort of 4,208 individuals born in the Faroe Islands between 1927 and 1937 were linked to adult mortality records to examine the association between maternal parity and offspring mortality. Among men, a trend was observed between maternal parity ≥ 1 and risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.247; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.992-1.502; p = 0.088). No corresponding association was observed among women. When maternal parity was categorised into three levels, inverse associations were observed in women: those born to mothers with parity > 4 had borderline lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.712; 95% CI 0.367-1.057; p = 0.055), a borderline lower risk of premature death (HR 0.655; 95% CI 0.198-1.111; p = 0.069), and a significantly reduced risk of cancer mortality (HR 0.457; 95% CI 0.000-0.915; p = 0.027). These findings indicate a potential sex-specific influence of maternal parity on adult offspring mortality.
9. The effects of sexual counseling based on the EX-PLISSIT and BETTER models on female sexual function after assisted reproductive treatment failure: a randomized clinical trial.
主题：临床研究与数据方法
期刊：Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUN AND OBJECTIVE: Women who experience assisted reproductive treatment failure may be at risk of developing sexual dysfunction. This study compared the effects of two different sexual counselling models, EX-PLISSIT and BETTER, on the sexual function of women after an unsuccessful assisted reproductive treatment.
METHODS: This randomized clinical trial included 66 infertile women, out of the 72 initially recruited following assisted reproductive treatment failure, who referred to the Infertility Clinic, Mashhad, Iran. The EX-PLISSIT and BETTER groups received sexual counselling individually in two online and two in-person sessions. Data were collected using a Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25 with a significance level of P = 0.05.
RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the total score of sexual function and the scores of subscales of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, sexual satisfaction and pain between the two groups before the intervention (P > 0.05). Both groups showed significant improvement post-intervention. Their total mean scores for sexual function, desire, sexual satisfaction, arousal and lubrication were all higher than pre-intervention. Additionally, their scores for pain were significantly lower after the intervention (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Sexual counseling, using either the EX-PLISSIT or BETTER model, improved the sexual function of women who experienced a failed assisted reproductive treatment.
10. PRODUCES+: Guidance for co-creation in public health informed by evidence and user experience.
主题：生物统计与研究设计
期刊：Public health in practice (Oxford, England)
发表日期：2026-Dec
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
OBJECTIVES: Despite the growing popularity of co-creation to develop complex interventions, there is limited guidance on planning and implementing a co-creation process in public health. This study aims to critically review and update one such guidance, the PRODUCES framework, to develop a more comprehensive, user-friendly guide for public health researchers and practitioners.
STUDY DESIGN: Evidence- and user-informed guideline development.
METHODS: A multi-method, evidence-informed approach was used to identify strengths, gaps, and areas for improvement. This included a snowballing review of peer-reviewed articles citing the PRODUCES framework, followed by in-depth interviews and a mixed-methods survey with lead authors identified through the review. Data from included studies, interviews, and survey responses were analysed thematically.
RESULTS: The search identified 96 studies, of which 21 were included. Four interviews and nine survey responses were obtained. Strengths included flexibility, clear foundational guidance, and practical applicability, while limitations related to clarity, overlapping stages, and terminology. Participants suggested strengthening implementation guidance and methods and highlighted the value of complementary frameworks. These findings informed the development of the PRODUCES+ guideline.
CONCLUSIONS: Building on user input, the original framework, and contemporary co-creation literature, the PRODUCES+ Guideline provides an expanded, step-by-step resource for planning co-creation in public health.
11. Research on cardiovascular functioning in minority groups: From biological explanations to social and discrimination-related determinants.
主题：生物统计与研究设计
期刊：Public health in practice (Oxford, England)
发表日期：2026-Dec
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
OBJECTIVES: Minority groups consistently exhibit poorer health outcomes than majority populations, a pattern often attributed to chronic exposure to distal and proximal stigma-related stressors. Such sustained stress is thought to disrupt autonomic regulation, and reduced heart rate variability is frequently cited as an indicator of physiological dysregulation associated with heightened vulnerability to adverse health outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN: The present work implemented a scientometric approach to review the scientific literature on the physiological functioning of minority groups (e.g., racial, ethnic, gender, sexual, and neurological minorities).
METHODS: A total of 1945 papers published between 1953 and 2024 were retrieved from Scopus. Using CiteSpace, we analysed co-citation patterns and identified nine main research themes, along with the ten most impactful publications in the field.
RESULTS: The bibliometric results revealed a predominant contribution from authors based in the United States, whose work has largely focused on cardiometabolic disparities among ethnic minority populations. Additionally, we observed a clear shift in the research trajectory: from early efforts attributing ethnic health disparities to genetic and dietary differences, towards more recent investigations emphasising the deleterious effects of discrimination on minority health.
CONCLUSIONS: This evidence map highlights the need to include discrimination, stigma, and minority stress in cardiovascular and autonomic health research, while improving evidence on sexual, gender, and neurodivergent minorities to guide public health priorities and prevention strategies.
12. Developing the good governance toolkit: a research-derived actionable tool.
主题：生物统计与研究设计
期刊：Public health in practice (Oxford, England)
发表日期：2026-Dec
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
OBJECTIVES: To share learning from the development of a Research-Derived Actionable Tool (RDAT) focused on improving governance of commercial interactions to benefit public health.
STUDY DESIGN: Mixed-methods combining synthesis with expert input.
METHODS: Four principles were used for decision-making on scope and judging conflicting evidence. We combined synthesis of published evidence and grey literature with expert input from different perspectives (research, practice, non-governmental organisations).
RESULTS: The methods used enabled decision-making to produce an RDAT, The Good Governance Toolkit, which was considered by the expert panel to be feasible and acceptable.
CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to develop a tool in advance of practice to support action in an emerging field of public health. Evaluation is underway.
13. Sauna bathing: motivations, perceived benefits, and gender differences- a descriptive health promotion study.
主题：流行病学
期刊：International journal of circumpolar health
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Sauna bathing is a culturally significant practice in Nordic countries and is increasingly recogniced as a multidimensional health-promoting behavior. Although its physiological benefits are well-documented, less is known why people engage in sauna bathing and how they perceive its contribution to health and well-being. To investigate why Swedish women and men engage in sauna bathing and to describe their perceptions of sauna bathing as a health-promoting practice. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire completed by 588 regular sauna bathers (384 women and 204 men). The questionnaire included closed-ended items on health and sauna habits and open-ended questions exploring motivations for sauna bathing. Qualitative data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis, and quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and analytic statistics. Thematic analysis generated a conceptual model of sauna bathing as a health-promoting practice comprising four interconnected themes: mental recovery, social togetherness, purification and physical health. Mental recovery was the prominent motivation among women, whereas social togetherness ranked highest among men. Participants described sauna bathing as promoting relaxation, reflection, social connection, physical recovery, and a sense of cleanliness and renewal. Women reported significantly better perceived sleep quality and reduced perceived bodily pain following sauna bathing, whereas no corresponding significant changes were observed by men. Sauna bathing was perceived as a multidimensional health-promoting practice integrating psychological, social, cultural, and physical dimensions of health. The findings provide a conceptual understanding of why people engage in sauna bathing and support its potential role as a person-centered health promotion strategy. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these self-reported findings.
14. Cost-effectiveness of finotonlimab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib as first-line therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in China.
主题：流行病学
期刊：Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imposes a substantial health burden in China. Finotonlimab plus bevacizumab recently prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) vs. sorafenib, but its economic value remains unknown. Here we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of finotonlimab plus bevacizumab vs. sorafenib from the Chinese healthcare system perspective. Parametric survival models were fitted to extrapolate PFS and OS. Total costs, life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), incremental net monetary benefit (INMB), and incremental net health benefit (INHB) were estimated at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $27,906 per QALY. Uncertainty was evaluated by one-way and two-way sensitivity analyses, probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA), subgroup analyses, scenario analyses, and price simulations. In the base-case analysis, sorafenib yielded 1.74 LYs and 1.25 QALYs at a total cost of $10,303.10, whereas finotonlimab plus bevacizumab yielded 3.01 LYs and 2.18 QALYs at a total cost of $58,595.49. Compared with sorafenib, the combination increased costs by $48,292.39 and generated gains of 1.27 LYs and 0.93 QALYs, resulting in ICERs of $38,203.46 per LY and $51,899.31 per QALY. INMB (-$22,325.82) and INHB (-0.80 QALYs) were negative. Sensitivity analyses identified PFS utility and bevacizumab cost as key drivers, but all ICERs remained above the WTP threshold. In PSA, the mean ICER was $50561.81 per QALY, and the probability of cost-effectiveness was 0% at the prespecified threshold. Based on the assumptions and inputs used in the present model, finotonlimab plus bevacizumab was unlikely to be cost-effective compared with sorafenib at the prespecified WTP in China.
15. The role of social sciences in humanitarian action: Community engagement and decolonising approaches.
主题：流行病学
期刊：Global public health
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
This article explores the evolving role of social sciences in humanitarian action, focusing on its potential for community engagement, and how this can aid capacity building and localization efforts that might lead toward decolonisation. Drawing on interviews and group discussions with humanitarian practitioners internationally, it examines both the promise and the challenges of integrating social sciences into emergency responses. While valued for their holistic and relational approaches, social sciences often clash with the fast-paced, outcome-driven demands of crisis settings. Participatory and qualitative methods are frequently adapted to meet institutional expectations for standardized, quantifiable results, risking reinforcement of top-down, decontextualized practices. Findings highlight the need for greater reflexivity and alignment between critical social scientists’ social justice aims and their professional practices. Decolonising humanitarian action requires more than participatory tools: it demands redistributing resources and shifting decision-making power to local communities. Despite growing localization discourse, participants reported persistent barriers to leadership, funding, and recognition of local knowledge. We call on social scientists, practitioners and organizations integrating social science methodologies into humanitarian programming, to advance a critical, transdisciplinary practice that supports local governance, strengthens sustainable capacities, and disrupts structures that perpetuate dependency, enabling genuinely community-led and sustainable solutions.
16. Adapted XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 outcomes among immunocompromised persons in 2023-24 in six European countries: a VEBIS-EHR network study.
主题：流行病学
期刊：Expert review of vaccines
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND: We estimated the XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19 hospitalization and death in Belgium, Denmark, Italy, Portugal, Spain (Navarre), and Sweden following the 2023-24 fall vaccination campaign among immunocompromised persons (ICPs).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a multi-country retrospective cohort study using electronic health records. Study sites identified ICPs aged ≥18 years through a common set of immunocompromising conditions and follow-up started the first day of the 2023 vaccination campaign until 12 months later. VE was calculated by time since vaccination (14-59, 60-119, 120-179, 180-365 days after vaccination) for ICPs by pooling study site level confounder adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) of vaccination, estimated with Cox proportional hazards regression models, using a random effect meta-analysis with VE = 100 × (1-pooled aHR).
RESULTS: The XBB.1.5 VE was 52% (95% confidence interval (CI): 41 to 60) and 75% (95%CI: 60 to 84) against hospitalization and death, respectively, 14-59 days after vaccination, and VE decreased with time since vaccination with no remaining protection at 180-365 days after vaccination.
CONCLUSION: Adapted XBB.1.5 vaccine provided moderate protection within 120 days after vaccination against severe COVID-19 outcomes among ICPs aged ≥18 years during a period with BA.2.86/JN.1 replacing the XBB.1.5 variant.
17. Mental health first aid in the workplace: a reflexive thematic analysis of UK workers’ experiences.
主题：临床研究与数据方法
期刊：International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND: Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) is used in workplaces to improve mental health literacy, reduce stigma, and promote help-seeking. This paper explores how employees perceive and engage with MHFA in work settings.
METHODS: This qualitative study was embedded within the EMPOWER cluster randomised controlled trial (Atanda et al., 2020). Twenty-four participants, including Mental Health First Aiders, recipients of MHFA support, employees, and senior managers, took part in semi-structured interviews. Guided by a relativist epistemological position, data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.(Atanda et al., 2020).
FINDINGS: Three themes were identified: (1) ambiguity surrounding the purpose of MHFA; (2) uncertainty and scepticism regarding the role and effectiveness of MHFA (subthemes: Anticipated Stigma, MHFA not addressing core concerns affecting staff well-being); and (3) risks to personal relationships following disclosure. Participants questioned the purpose, boundaries, and organisational value of MHFA, contributing to reluctance to engage. Disclosure decisions were shaped by concerns about stigma, confidentiality, and potential impacts on workplace relationships and career progression.
DISCUSSION: The findings suggest MHFA is most effective when part of a broader organisational commitment to employee wellbeing. Clarifying MHFA’s purpose, addressing workplace stigma, and tackling organisational sources of distress may improve engagement and strengthen mental health initiatives.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04311203. Registered on 17 March 2020, protocol published in 2020.
18. Challenges to Achieving Universal Health Coverage Through Public Financial Management Reforms: Insights from the Implementation of Single Nodal Agency Reform in India.
主题：卫生政策与真实世界证据
期刊：Health systems and reform
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Public Financial Management (PFM) reforms are being increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance health financing systems and advance progress toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Although theoretical frameworks have outlined the pathways through which PFM reforms operate, empirical evidence on their effectiveness in specific low- and middle-income country (LMIC) contexts remains limited. This paper examines the reform of the Single Nodal Agency (SNA) system in India, aimed at improving budget execution in centrally funded schemes, including the flagship health sector scheme, the National Health Mission (NHM). The study analyzes the gains and challenges associated with the reform and highlights the institutional features that are critical to its effectiveness. The study draws on an assessment of SNA implementation in two Indian states, Bihar and Odisha, using qualitative evidence from key informant interviews conducted across multiple administrative levels between February 2023 and February 2024. This was supplemented with data provided by state finance departments and NHM implementing agencies. Results indicate that the reform has achieved its intended gains in cash management, expenditure transparency, and improved alignment of central fund releases with scheme expenditures at the sub-national level. However, weak budget credibility, coupled with constraints in digital connectivity and limited personnel capacity to manage financial transactions, is likely to exacerbate inequities in access to scheme funds. The increased emphasis on spending has heightened compliance pressures on fund utilization, while attention to actual health system outcomes remains limited. In sum, a conducive institutional environment is essential for reaping benefits through PFM reforms in LMICs.
19. From giant components to communities: community-level insights for prioritizing interventions within large clusters of HIV-1 transmission networks.
主题：流行病学
期刊：Infectious Disease Modelling
发表日期：2027-Mar
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Large clusters in HIV-1 molecular networks contain a substantial proportion of people living with HIV and dominate local epidemics; however, their large size and complex structure pose a challenge for effective public health interventions. We developed an analytical framework to partition the large cluster into small groups for precise intervention. In the HIV-1 CRF07_BC molecular transmission network in Guangzhou, China (2008-2020), a giant component (681 members) was partitioned into 34 communities with dense internal and sparse external links. All 378 inter-community links involved high-centrality members from Community 1 (P < 0.001) and phylogenetic analysis identified Community 1 as the most likely ancestral source of the giant component (marginal probability = 0.989). Exponential random graph models (ERGMs) revealed significant homophily effect among members with specific characteristics in the giant component and its large communities, highlighting potential outbreaks within specific subgroups. Partitioning giant components into communities may be a promising approach to help develop community-level interventions and could improve the effectiveness of interventions targeted at large clusters.
20. Local governance and health equity: Practical reflections from Chinese crisis governance.
主题：卫生政策与真实世界证据
期刊：Global public health
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
This study examines mass testing in three Chinese cities since 2020 as a ‘stress test’ for local governance. It analyses the governance performance of Shenzhen, Nanjing and Wuxi in terms of efficiency, equity and community resilience. Using Melbourne’s pandemic lockdown as a reference case, it discusses the underlying mechanisms linking different governance approaches to health equity outcomes. The study adopts a nested governance framework to examine how governance capacities and policy logics operate across different local contexts. The results indicate that Chinese cities can efficiently complete mass testing within a few days, but face pressures related to health equity and community resilience. Melbourne’s lockdown governance emphasised participation and institutional transparency, but advanced policies at a relatively slower pace. This study recommends building a dynamic governance mechanism that better balances efficiency and equity.
21. Ecological restructuring of the nonbacterial fecal microbiome in obesity across human cohorts.
主题：可复现研究与开放科学
期刊：Gut microbes
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder increasingly linked to alterations in the gut microbiome. While most research has focused on bacterial communities, the contribution of nonbacterial components including viruses, archaea, and eukaryotic microorganisms remains insufficiently characterized. Here, we performed a multicohort analysis to investigate the role of the nonbacterial gut microbiome in obesity across three independent human cohorts. Using compositional analyses adjusted for key covariates and network based approaches, we identified consistent multikingdom alterations associated with obesity. Individuals without obesity showed a reproducible enrichment of methanogenic archaea, particularly Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanobrevibacter millerae, whereas individuals with obesity were characterized by increased abundance of bacteriophages from the class Caudoviricetes. In an elderly cohort, eukaryotic taxa such as Blastocystis spp. were additionally associated with the without obesity group. These patterns were largely consistent across cohorts and robust to sex stratification. Beyond taxonomic differences, ecological network analyses revealed substantial reorganization of microbial interactions in obesity. The identity and composition of hub taxa differed significantly between obesity and without obesity networks across all cohorts, indicating a shift in the taxa occupying central ecological roles. Notably, these differences were observed even when similar microbial kingdoms were represented, underscoring the importance of species-level resolution. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that obesity is associated with coordinated compositional and ecological alterations across the nonbacterial gut microbiome. This multikingdom perspective expands current understanding of microbiome dysbiosis in metabolic disease and highlights the archaeome and virome as potential contributors to host metabolic health.
22. Longitudinal modelling of microbiome subcommunities reveals parity-dependent dynamics during pregnancy and postpartum.
主题：临床研究与数据方法
期刊：Gut microbes
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND: Dysregulation of maternal adaptations to pregnancy due to high pre-pregnancy BMI (pBMI) is associated with worsened health outcomes for mothers and children. The role of the gut microbiome in these adaptations remains unclear.
METHODS: Stool samples were collected from pregnant participants (n = 52) enrolled in the Be Healthy in Pregnancy study (NCT01689961) during first, second, and third trimesters, and 6-months postpartum, along with samples from their infants at 6 months of age. Following 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we implemented time-aligned LDA (TALDA) using a time-weighted sampling strategy with exponentially decaying weights to construct time-proximal cohorts, applied LDA to each cohort independently, and aligned resulting topics using the alto R package. Infant samples were analyzed using standard LDA.
RESULTS: Seven distinct subcommunities were identified, one of which represented perineal contamination and was excluded from further analysis. Remaining subcommunities had distinct taxonomic definitions which remained stable throughout pregnancy (mean cross-cohort stability 0.899) while subcommunity proportions within individuals varied. Multiparous individuals showed greater shifts in subcommunity proportions during early pregnancy, while primiparous individuals displayed progressively increasing shifts with the largest changes during the transition from pregnancy to postpartum. High pBMI was associated with reduced microbiome remodelling, particularly among multiparous individuals. In exploratory analyses, maternal SCFA-producing subcommunity abundance at late pregnancy was positively associated with infant Bifidobacterium-dominated subcommunity proportions at 6 months, while pBMI > 25 was independently associated with lower infant Bifidobacterium.
CONCLUSION: TALDA effectively distinguished between stable subcommunity definitions and dynamic subcommunity proportions, revealing that the microbiome maintains functional organization while subcommunity proportional contributions shift over the course of pregnancy and postpartum. These maternal dynamics may have intergenerational consequences through their influence on infant gut colonization. This work demonstrates that maternal factors modify microbiome trajectories and supports the existence of an ecological memory of pregnancy history within the maternal gut microbiome.
23. Towards standardized gut microbiota diagnostics: normobiosis beyond geographical borders.
主题：可复现研究与开放科学
期刊：Gut microbes
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Defining clinically meaningful reference states of the human gut microbiota remains a major barrier to the clinical translation of microbiome testing, largely due to variability across populations. We aimed at evaluating whether dysbiosis can be identified in a standardized, geography-independent manner, using a composite, system-level microbiome diagnostic framework. We performed a retrospective observational analysis of 831 adult stool samples collected from healthy individuals and patients with inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, or other chronic inflammatory conditions across seven countries. In addition, U.S. National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) human fecal reference materials were analyzed. Dysbiosis was assessed using a fixed microbial marker panel and composite distance metrics anchored to a clinically validated healthy Scandinavian reference population, using GA-map® Dysbiosis Test as an exemplar of this diagnostic framework. The diagnostic framework reproducibly identified normobiosis and dysbiosis across geographically distinct populations (USA, Canada, Germany, Italy, and the UK). Severe dysbiosis was detected with high specificity (93.6%) and positive predictive value (90.2%), independent of subjects’ country of origin. Healthy individuals showed highly comparable dysbiosis index distributions across regions. These findings demonstrate that clinically useful dysbiosis diagnostics do not require geographically tailored reference populations and support the feasibility of standardized, geography-independent microbiome diagnostics for clinical application.
24. Rethinking vaccine mandates through the lens of penalties and incentives: A 7S framework approach.
主题：卫生政策与真实世界证据
期刊：Global public health
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Conceptually, current definitions of vaccine mandates involve two key elements: the requirement to be vaccinated and sanctions for non-compliance. However, during COVID-19, governments frequently introduced vaccine mandates in contexts where people were already denied access to work, travel, and social activities due to lockdowns and restrictions. This important context disrupts the standard operation of vaccine mandates. Accordingly, this paper explores COVID-19 vaccine mandates in New South Wales (Australia), France, Israel, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam, where mandates primarily served as incentives to restore basic rights to travel, work, and access public spaces, that were restricted during the pandemic. Through document analysis and key informant interviews, the paper examines how governments employed this “removal and restoration” model and explores how mandate policy instruments create incentive structures. In discussing the implications of mandates in relation to lockdowns and restrictions, and the perception of mandates as “coercive offers”, the paper proposes a revised conception and a 7S vaccine mandate framework by adding synergy and sustainment to the existing 5S model. It concludes by outlining the significance of this revised conception and framework for vaccine mandate policy research, design, and communication.
25. Effects of serotonergic pharmacological manipulation on exercise performance and central fatigue: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis.
主题：临床研究与数据方法
期刊：Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced fatigue is a complex, non-pathological state that acutely limits physical performance, and the serotonergic (5-HT) system has been proposed as an important modulator of its central components. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the effects of serotonergic pharmacological manipulation on exercise-related outcomes.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and SportDiscus from inception to August 2025. Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of serotonergic pharmacological manipulation on exercise-related outcomes in healthy adults were included. Study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment using RoB 2.0 were conducted independently. Pooled effects were synthesized using three-level random-effects models, and the certainty and robustness of the evidence were examined in additional analyses.
RESULTS: Twenty-one randomized controlled trials involving 248 healthy adults were included in the systematic review, of which 19 studies involving 229 participants were included in the meta-analysis. In the primary models, serotonergic pharmacological manipulation was associated with small reductions in evoked motor response (Hedges’ g = -0.24, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.02), time-domain EMG (Hedges’ g = -0.18, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.02), heart rate (Hedges’ g = -0.17, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.01), and blood glucose (Hedges’ g = -0.50, 95% CI -0.89 to -0.11). Voluntary activation showed a borderline negative pooled estimate (Hedges’ g = -0.20, 95% CI -0.40 to 0), whereas ratings of perceived exertion showed a positive but statistically uncertain pooled estimate (Hedges’ g = 0.63, 95% CI -0.01 to 1.28). Resting twitch torque showed a small positive pooled effect (Hedges’ g = 0.12, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.19), whereas superimposed twitch torque, maximal voluntary contraction, prolactin, lactic acid, and time to task failure did not show clear overall effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this meta-analysis indicates that serotonergic pharmacological manipulation has outcome-specific effects on exercise-related fatigue rather than a single uniform influence across domains. The most consistent primary-model signals were found for evoked motor response, time-domain EMG, heart rate, and blood glucose, whereas overt performance and perceptual outcomes remained more variable. By integrating evidence across different serotonergic interventions and exercise paradigms, these findings improve our understanding of how 5-HT-related mechanisms may contribute to central fatigue during exercise.
26. Efficacy and safety of doravirine/islatravir for HIV-1: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
主题：临床研究与数据方法
期刊：HIV research & clinical practice
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND: The combination of doravirine and islatravir (DOR/ISL) is a novel two-drug regimen for HIV-1. Early development faced challenges due to dose-dependent immunological signals. We aimed to synthesize the evidence on the efficacy and safety of DOR/ISL across all treatment-experience categories, specifically evaluating the impact of islatravir dosage (0.25 mg vs 0.75 mg) on clinical and immunological outcomes.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) following PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from inception through April 2026. Primary outcomes were virological suppression (<50 copies/mL) and mean change in CD4+ T-cell count at week 48. Data were pooled using random-effects models. Islatravir dose was evaluated as a pre-specified moderator. Quality was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2.0 and certainty of evidence was graded using the GRADE approach.
RESULTS: Seven RCTs (n = 3,600 participants) were included. At Week 48, DOR/ISL showed non-inferior suppression rates (RR 1.01 [95% CI 0.99-1.02]; p = 0.516; moderate-certainty evidence) and a statistically significant reduction in virological failure risk (RR 0.55 [0.33-0.92]; p = 0.022) compared to active control. Overall CD4+ gain was lower with DOR/ISL (MD -34.55 cells/μL; low-certainty evidence); however, a profound moderator effect of dose was observed (p < 0.0001). The 0.75 mg dose was associated with significant CD4+ and lymphocyte declines, whereas the approved 0.25 mg dose was immunologically neutral. DOR/ISL was weight-neutral compared to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (MD -0.25 kg [-0.66 to 0.16]; low-certainty evidence).
CONCLUSION: DOR/ISL 100/0.25 mg once daily achieved virological suppression comparable to standard-of-care ART regimens and was associated with lower rates of virological failure compared with active comparators. The immunological safety concerns observed in early trials were successfully resolved by dose optimization. These findings support the use of DOR/ISL (IDVYNSO) as a potential treatment option for both treatment-naïve and virologically suppressed adults while emphasizing long-term safety surveillance.
27. Professional identity formation among participants in a longitudinal pediatric program for final year medical students: a qualitative case study.
主题：生物统计与研究设计
期刊：Medical education online
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
OBJECTIVE: To explore aspects of professional identity formation in participants of a longitudinal pediatric program for final-year medical students in the US.
INTRODUCTION: Many institutions have specialty-specific courses focused on the transition to residency, typically at the end of medical school. This study examines professional identity formation among participants of a longitudinal fourth-year Pediatric Concentration.
METHODS: Authors used a case study design for this qualitative research study using semi-structured interview questions based on a conceptual model of professional identity formation. Authors used purposeful sampling to identify study participants who were randomly selected from former students who completed the program between 2019 and 2021. Three interviewers independently conducted interviews with individual program participants. Thematic analysis with coder reliability was utilized for data analysis; two investigators independently coded and performed inter-rater reliability (IRR) on three sets of questions from transcriptions. After ensuring acceptable IRR, investigators coded the remaining questions and subsequently identified themes and sub-themes.
FINDINGS: Eleven former students completed interviews. Following initial independent coding, IRR for three questions was 80%. After coding the 11 interviews, investigators determined that code saturation was achieved. They subsequently identified six main themes: career development, interpersonal connection, personal growth, positive role models, skill-building, and supportive learning environment. Two cross-cutting themes were recognized throughout the data: sense of belonging and gaining confidence toward starting residency.
CONCLUSIONS: Participants in a longitudinal specialty-specific program in the final year of medical school experienced professional identity formation through a supportive learning environment fostering connection and personal growth while building skills, surrounded by positive role models. This community of practice cultivated a sense of belonging and helped participants gain confidence toward their residency and career. This longitudinal, specialty-specific approach to the final year of medical school may enhance professional identity formation for students entering all specialties and could facilitate transition to internship.
28. Effects of combined versus single supplementation of creatine and beta-alanine on aerobic and anerobic performance: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
主题：临床研究与数据方法
期刊：Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
BACKGROUND: Creatine (Cr) and β-alanine (BA) are among the most studied ergogenic supplements, acting on distinct physiological pathways-Cr facilitates phosphocreatine resynthesis and rapid ATP turnover, while BA elevates intramuscular carnosine to enhance acid-base buffering. Although both compounds improve high-intensity performance independently, the ergogenic potential of their combined use remains uncertain.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate and compare the isolated and combined effects of Cr and BA supplementation on aerobic and anaerobic performance indices using a network meta-analytic approach.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (to August 2025) identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining Cr, BA, or Cr + BA supplementation (≥2 weeks) in healthy adult athletes. Fifty-two RCTs (PEDro ≥ 6) met the inclusion criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed within random effects models. Performance outcomes included sprint, jump, agility, upper- and lower-body muscular endurance (UME, LME), and repeated-sprint ability (RSA).
RESULTS: Cr supplementation significantly improved sprint performance (SMD = -0.64; p = 0.04), jump performance (SMD = 0.33; p = 0.002), RSA (SMD = -0.78; p = 0.01), and UME (SMD = 0.43; p = 0.01) versus placebo, with P scores ≥ 0.90 across these domains. In contrast, BA supplementation produced non-significant or context-specific effects, and combined Cr + BA showed no synergistic benefits. Agility and LME outcomes remained unaffected (p > 0.05). Heterogeneity ranged from low to moderate (I2 = 0-73%), with no global inconsistency or substantive publication bias.
CONCLUSION: Evidence indicates Cr supplementation alone yields the most consistent improvements in high-intensity and anaerobic performance by enhancing phosphocreatine recovery and neuromuscular output. BA’s buffering advantage appears task-specific and insufficient to augment Cr’s ergogenic efficacy. Co-supplementation of Cr and BA offers no additional advantage beyond Cr monotherapy. Standardized, long-term, multi-arm RCTs are warranted to further clarify potential interactive mechanisms and sex or sport-specific responses.
29. Perinatal ampicillin exposure alters murine maternal fecal bile acid and acylcarnitine profiles.
主题：可复现研究与开放科学
期刊：Gut microbes
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Maternal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) and postpartum maternal antibiotic usage are increasingly common and have been linked to altered growth and immune development in offspring. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects, particularly those arising from indirect early-life exposure to antibiotics, remain poorly understood. Here, using a preclinical murine model, we examined the impact of in vivo antepartum and postpartum maternal ampicillin administration on the maternal fecal microbiome and metabolome. Ampicillin treatment resulted in a significant depletion of bacterial species belonging to the Muribaculaceae family, including Muribaculum intestinale and Duncaniella dubosii, accompanied by a cohort-dependent enrichment of Enterococcus and Prevotella species. These microbial shifts coincided with substantial and reproducible metabolic remodeling, including elevated fecal acylcarnitines and altered bile acid profiles. Notably, we identified two previously uncharacterized trihydroxylated bile acids conjugated to a hexose moiety, which we annotated as cholic acid-galactose and taurocholic acid-galactose and synthesized. These metabolites were consistently associated with antibiotic exposure across public metabolomics data repositories. Finally, alterations in the maternal fecal microbiome and metabolome were associated with increased weight gain in offspring, suggesting potential pathways by which maternal antibiotic exposure may influence early developmental outcomes. These findings highlight microbial and metabolic signatures linked to perinatal antibiotic use and underscore the need to balance infection control with long-term infant health considerations.
30. Effect of pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucT on insulin sensitivity, body composition, and GLP-1 production in subjects with metabolic syndrome: impact of low baseline gut Akkermansia levels.
主题：临床研究与数据方法
期刊：Gut microbes
发表日期：2026-Dec-31
内容状态：待评估
为什么值得看：包含可供初筛的摘要；仅作为选题线索，不代表证据质量结论。
Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucT was found to improve barrier function in preclinical models and a proof-of-concept study in obese and prediabetic adults. Here, we describe the results of a double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter (Ireland and Germany) trial in 142 adults with metabolic syndrome, with or without prediabetes. The primary endpoint of whole-body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) did not differ after 4-months of daily administration of capsules containing 30 billion cells of pasteurized A. muciniphila MucT compared to placebo in the intention-to-treat subjects. Subsequent exploratory analyses showed that 3-months intake of pasteurized A. muciniphila MucT already improved HOMA-based hepatic insulin sensitivity in prediabetic (12%; p = 0.05) and 63-y-or-older-age subgroups (p = 0.05) while increasing post-OGTT excursion of the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) over placebo (p < 0.01). Further analysis of the gut microbiota by deep metagenomic analysis showed minor effects of the intervention but revealed that the baseline microbial composition differed from that in matched healthy adults. We found that participants with low baseline Akkermansia gene counts experienced significant health improvements and GLP-1 excursion after 3-months of treatment with pasteurized A. muciniphila MucT over the placebo. These benefits included improved insulin sensitivity (as shown by Matsuda and HOMA-S indices) and GLP-1 excursion (post-OGTT) (p < 0.05), reductions in body weight (p = 0.06) and decreased trunk fat (p < 0.05). In conclusion, daily supplementation with pasteurized A. muciniphila MucT has the potential to improve health markers in overweight or obese normo- or dysglycemic adults with the most significant improvements in subjects with low baseline intestinal Akkermansia levels, who are apparently truly in need of this intervention. Clinical trial registration no.: NCT05114018 clinicaltrials.gov.